| 释义 |
▪ I. indict, v.1|ɪnˈdaɪt|
Forms: α. 4–6 endyte, 4–7 endite, 6 endight (endict). β. 4–9 indite, 5 indyte, (6 indyght, 6–7 indight). γ. 7– indict.
[ME. endite-n, a. AF. endite-r to indict, charge, accuse, corresponds in form to OF. enditer, -ditier, -ditter, answering to a late L. type *indictāre, f. in- (in-2) + dictāre to say, declare, dictate. But the OF. verb is recorded only in the senses ‘make known, indicate, dictate, suggest, compose, write, instruct, inform, prompt, incite’ (Godef.), so that the history of the AF. and ME. word is not clear. A corresponding med.L. indictāre to indict, accuse, is cited by Du Cange only in English legal use, and seems to be merely the latinized form of the AF. and ME. verb, in accordance with which again the ME. endite has been altered to indite, and (since 1600) written indict, though the spoken word remains indite. See also indite v.
The sense of endite, indict, may have arisen from L. indīcĕre ‘to declare publicly’, taken as in It. indicere ‘to denounce’ (Florio); but it comes near to a sense of L. indicāre to indicate, ‘to give evidence against’; and it appears as if there had been, in late L. or Romanic, some confusion of the L. verbs indicāre, indīcĕre, indictāre: thus in It., Florio has ‘Indicare, to shew, to declare, to utter; also to endite and accuse, as Indicere’; ‘Indícere, to intimate, denounce, manifest, declare;..also to accuse, to appeach or detect’; ‘Indittare, to indite; also as Indicere’; ‘Indittore, an inditer, a denouncer; also an intimator’.]
I.
1. trans. To bring a charge against; to accuse (a person) for († of) a crime, as († for) a culprit, esp. by legal process.
[1278Rolls of Parlt. I. 4/2 Ceus ke sunt enditee par quatre hundredez. 1292Britton i. v. §8 Il n'i deit estre, car mei endita [he ought not to be upon the jury, because he indicted me]. ]
α1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 1340 What shul we sey of þys dytours..Þat for hate a trewman wyl endyte? 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xi. 307 Neyther is blamelees þe bisshop ne þe chapleyne, For her eyther is endited. 1393Ibid. C. xvi. 119 Ferly me þynkeþ, Bote dowel endite ȝow, in die indicii. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. cxciii. 169 Els the man that ought it shold be falsely endyted of forest or of felonye. 1537Wriothesley Chron. (1875) I. 62 Which too lordes were endighted of highe treason against the Kinge. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 111 You must withall endite guiltie of the same crime, the best and most approved..interpretours of elder age. 1610G. Fletcher Christ's Vict. i. xxvi, Justice herself the plaintiffe to endite him.
βc1440Promp. Parv. 261/1 Indytyd be lawe, for trespace, indictatus. 1530Palsgr. 590/2, I indyte a man by indytement. 1592Warner Alb. Eng. viii. xl. (1612) 194 He being then indighted Was hardly found a Felon. 1593Nashe 4 Lett. Confut. 6 Hold vp thy hand G. H. thou art heere indited for an incrocher. 1652Ashmole Theat. Chem. 196 Thereof the People will the at Sessions indight. 1678Trans. Crt. Spain 53 Your Majesty might have indited him, or received his Justifications.
γa1626Bacon Max. & Uses Com. Law (1636) 66 If he bee indicted of felony, or treason. 1640–4in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 59 William Coltman..did indict him at the Sessions at Newgate. 1709Steele Tatler No. 110 ⁋4 One of her Admirers who was indicted upon that very Head. a1713T. Ellwood Autobiog. (1885) 285 They indicted our friends as rioters. 1764Burn Poor Laws 247 If a man be indicted for an assault. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 325 Let any one who will, indict him on the charge of loving base gains.
2. To make (it) matter of indictment; to charge (a thing). rare.
a1670Hacket Cent. Serm. (1675) 483 That their own infamy should be endited against them to after ages. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxv, It is indited against Simon Glover..that he hath spoken irreverent discourses.
Hence inˈdicted ppl. a.1, inˈdicting vbl. n.
c1440Promp. Parv. 139/2 Endytyd, or indytyd for trespas, indicatus. Ibid. 140/1 Endytynge (K. indytinge) of trespace, indictacio. 1529More Suppl. Soulys Wks. 290/2 The byshoppe of London was in a greate rage for endyghtynge of certayne curates of extorcyon and incontinencye. 1785Crabbe Newspaper Wks. 1834 II. 124 Rector, doctor, and attorney pause..on..Indited roads and rates that still increase.
▪ II. † inˈdict, v.2 Obs.
Also 7 erron. indight, indite.
[f. L. indict-, ppl. stem of indīcĕre to declare, proclaim, announce, appoint, f. in- (in-2) + dīcĕre to say, tell, declare, etc.: cf. addict, contradict, predict. In OF. endire, indire, pa. pple. in 16th c. indict (Godef.). which may have contributed to the formation of the Eng. word.]
1. To declare authoritatively, announce, proclaim.
a. To proclaim (a public meeting), convoke or summon (a council, assembly).
1538Epist. Hen. VIII (title-p.), The Kynges Hyghenes owght neyther to sende nor go to the Councill, indicted at Vincence. 1565Harding in Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 584 To summon them to the Councel, which the Pope thought good to indict at Trent. 1639Chas. I.'s Proclam. Scot. 2 We were pleased to cause indict a free generall assembly to be holden at Glasgow. 1648Sir E. Nicholas Let. in Carte Ormonde (1735) III. 584 Cromwell..stays there to assist in perfecting the business of indighting a new Parliament. 1692Washington tr. Milton's Def. Pop. viii. Wks. 1848 I. 165 The consuls used to indict a meeting of the senate. 1720Wodrow Corr. (1843) II. 535 The next Assembly is indited to May 11, 1721.
b. To proclaim, announce, or ordain (a religious observance, esp. a solemn fast or festival); to fix or name (a day for a fast or festival).
1590H. Barrow in Confer. iii. 55 You..solemnlie indict an Eaue, a day, on the one a fast, on the other a solemne feast. 1649Bp. Hall Cases Consc. iv. vii. (1654) 357 In some solemne fasts indicted by the Church for some publique humiliation. 1662Gunning Lent Fast 50 To break..the Lent indicted to Believers. 1702C. Mather Magn. Chr. vii. App. (1852) 651 The pastor of the church there indicted a day for prayer with fasting.
c. To declare or proclaim (peace or war).
c1555Harpsfield Divorce Hen. VIII (Camden) 186 The Pope should indicte a general peace among all Christian princes. 1671Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 229 His Majesty's ministers being recalled from their respective ministries abroad, the war was fully indicted.
¶2. To indicate: cf. indiction 6.
1653R. Sanders Physiogn., Moles, etc. 31 [It] indicts to the native some kindes of strife.
Hence † inˈdicted ppl. a.2
1685Evelyn Mrs. Godolphin 173 (R. Suppl.) Upon indicted fast dayes, how extraordinary were her recesses and devotions on euery Friday.
▪ III. indict
obs. erron. form of indite. |