| 释义 |
▪ I. sliver, n.1|ˈslɪvə(r), ˈslaɪvə(r)|
Forms: 4 slivere, sleyvere, 6 sleuer, slyuer, 6–8 sliuer, 6– sliver (9 dial. slivver).
[f. slive v.1]
1. a. A piece cut or split off; a long thin piece or slip; a splinter, shiver, slice. Also fig.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 1013 Allas, that he, al hool, or of him slivere, Shuld have his refut in so digne a place. a1533Ld. Berners Huon xvi. 42 Ther spers brake to ther handes, so that y⊇ sleuers flew a hye in y⊇ ayer. 1575Turberv. Faulconrie 308 Which marreth their beakes, so as it is enforced to fall away in slivers and peeces. 1641Milton Reform. ii. Wks. 1851 III. 35 What they can bring us now..that can cut Tacitus into slivers and steaks, we shall presently hear. 1665Hooke Microgr. 45 A small sliver of Iron. 1715tr. Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. I. iv. vii. 168 They were wont to cut them [tortoise shells] into certain Slivers, and to cover their Tables or Beds with them. 1747–96H. Glasse Cookery xviii. 291 When it is cold, it will cut in slivers as Dutch beef. 1811Scott in Lockhart (1839) III. 353 A sliver of the wood run a third of an inch between my nail and flesh. 1874Mrs. Jay Holden with Cords 454 A delicate and difficult surgical operation, to remove pus, sliver of bone, or other foreign matter. 1967T. Kinsella Nightwalker i. 5 Bone-splinters, silvery slivers of screams. 1978J. Carroll Mortal Friends iii. vi. 327 People on buses and on the streets of Boston traded slivers of information as if they were coins.
b. Applied to parts of trees or plants.
1602Shakes. Ham. iv. vii. 174 An enuious sliuer broke, When downe the weedy Trophies, and her selfe, Fell in the weeping Brooke. 1656W. Dugard tr. Comenius' Gate Lat. Unl. 31 Onyon, Garlick, and Leek, and these bulbous herbs have slivers instead of leavs. 1861Lytton & Fane Tannhäuser 81 A maze of shrubs, Whose emerald slivers fringed the rugged way.
c. U.S. The side of a small fish sliced off in one piece for use as bait.
1869Maine Acts & Resolves 24 Any pumice, scraps or other offal arising from the making of oil or slivers for bait. 1880G. B. Goode Hist. Menhaden 201 (Cent.), The slivers (pronounced slyvers) are salted and packed in barrels.
2. A continuous ribbon or band of loose, untwisted, parallelized fibres of wool, cotton, flax, or other textile material, ready for drawing, roving, or slubbing.
1703Wakes Colne (Essex) Overseers Acc. (MS.), Paid for woollen sliuers to wrap him in, {pstlg}0. 0. 8. 1738L. Paul Pat. Specif. No. 562. 2 A strict regard must be had to make the slivers of an equal thickness from end to end. 1805J. Luccock Nature of Wool 225 It produces..a sliver more compact than the old wools of either the Leicester or the Lincoln district. 1845McCulloch Acc. Brit. Emp. (1854) I. 675 After passing through the second pair of rollers, the reduced sliver is attached to a spindle and fly. 1894Times 12 Mar. 13/5 The ordinary tow sliver..is fed into the machine.
attrib.1864Riddel & Co. Catal. Mill Furnishings, Sliver Cans. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2213/2 Sliver-box. 1891R. Marsden Cotton Spinning (ed. 4) 129 The sliver cans being taken and placed at the back.
3. In various technical uses: (see quots.).
a.1842Archæologia XXIX. 271 note, The little wooden instruments called slivers used in yarn spinning in the West of England.
b.1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 287 Sliver, in shipbuilding, any thin piece of wood used as a filling. 1886Encycl. Brit. XXI. 820 Wedges..called slivers or slices, by which means the ship's weight is brought upon the ‘launch’ or cradle.
c.1851Greenwell Coal-trade Terms Northumb. & Durh. 48 Sliver, a thin lath, placed within two grooves, cut lengthways for the purpose, in the edges of two planks intended to be joined together, for the purpose of making the joint airtight. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-m. 227 Slivers, strips of wood or iron fitted in between the edges of boards in wooden bratticing, to make the joints air-tight.
4. A slashing cut or stroke.
1806J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life iii. xxxv, Becoming so tired of your own timidity in paring the paper too little, as to spoil all by one rash sliver. 1897Trotter Life J. Nicholson xx. 249 Nicholson..clove him..literally in two. ‘Not a bad sliver that!’ he remarked.
5. attrib. in sliver-edge, a very fine edge on a piece of timber.
1874Thearle Naval Archit. 57 An efficient caulk not being obtainable when the deck plank snapes off to a ‘sliver edge’.
▪ II. sliver, n.2 Now dial.|ˈslaɪvə(r)|
[f. slive v.2]
†1. pl. (Meaning doubtful.) Obs.—1
1572Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees, 1835) 373 A pair of Buffins with the slyuers to the same, one doblat of white bombasyne.
2. dial. (See quots.)
1847Halliw., Sliver,..a short slop worn by bankers or navigators. Linc[oln]. 1866J. E. Brogden Prov. Lincs., Sliver, a workman's linen jacket, a short blowse. 1908Miss Fowler Betw. Trent & Ancholme 54 A sliver was an over-all, an' they was made o' Drabette an' Cantoon.
▪ III. sliver, v.|ˈslɪvə(r), ˈslaɪvə(r)|
Also 7 sliuer.
[f. sliver n.1]
1. trans. To separate or remove as a sliver; to cut, split, or tear into slivers.
1605Shakes. Lear iv. ii. 34 She that her selfe will sliuer and disbranch From her materiall sap, perforce must wither. 1605― Macb. iv. i. 27 Slippes of Yew, Sliuer'd in the Moones Ecclipse. 1654Gayton Pleas. Notes iv. xxv. 282 They sang aloud, good Lord de-liver us, And suffer not this Don to sliver us. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), To Sliver, to cut into Slivers, or thin Slices. 1825Hone Every-day Bk. I. 882 People delight to sliver lettuces into bowls. 1845S. Judd Margaret i. iii, The floor of the room was warped in every direction, slivered and gaping at the joints. 1885J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 213 Down with the other ten or I'll sliver you.
b. intr. To split, or split off.
1880Scribner's Mag. May 79/1 The planks being cut across the grain to prevent slivering. 1896Kipling Seven Seas 64 The splinter slivered free.
2. trans. To convert (textile fibres) into slivers (see sliver n.1 2).
1796Morse Amer. Geogr. I. 543 Machinery to sliver, rove, and spin flax and hemp into thread. 1805Ann. Reg. 848 Improvements in slivering and preparing hemp, flax [etc.].
Hence ˈslivering vbl. n. Also attrib., as slivering-knife, slivering-machine.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2214 Slivering-machine (Wood⁓working), a machine for cutting splints, slivers, or shreds of wood for various purposes. 1880G. B. Goode Hist. Menhaden 147 (Cent.), The operation of slivering is shown. Ibid. 201 The knife used is of peculiar shape, and is called a ‘slivering knife’. |