| 释义 |
silica|ˈsɪlɪkə|
[f. L. silic-, silex silex1. Cf. F. silice.]
a. An important mineral substance (the dioxide of silicon), which in the form of quartz enters into the composition of many rocks, and is contained in sponges and certain plants.
1801Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) Suppl. I. 254/1 Silica, when dried, is a soft white powder, without either taste or smell. 1851Richardson Geol. (1855) 81 Silica and alumina besides being present in almost all vegetable and animal substances. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 202 The water generally holds silica in solution.
b. attrib. and Comb. silica-borate, silica dust, silica skeleton; silica-plated adj.; silica glass = quartz glass s.v. quartz 2 a; silica gel, hydrated silica in a hard granular form which is very hygroscopic and is used as a desiccant; silica wool = slag wool s.v. slag n. 6.
1859R. Hunt Guide Mus. Pract. Geol. (ed. 2) 114 A silica-borate of lead, prepared by Professor Faraday.
1918Act 8 & 9 Geo. V. c. 14 §1 (3) Any industry..involving exposure to silica dust. 1920Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. XLII. 971 The mere fact that a chemically inert substance like silica gel is found exhibiting such marked absorptive properties is sufficient in itself to indicate that the cause of adsorption does not lie in the interaction of adsorbent and adsorbed substance. 1956Nature 18 Feb. 329/1 The acid mixture was separated on a silica gel column into acetic and propionic acids. 1977J. Hedgecoe Photographer's Handbk. 36 If you are storing a camera in an unfavorable climate put it in a plastic bag with the packet of silica gel which is supplied with most new cameras.
1916Chem. Abstr. X. 103 (heading) Silica glass. 1919Nature 23 Oct. 153/1, I have recently observed that ‘silica glass’ possesses a remarkable crystalline or quasi-crystalline structure when examined in the polariscope. 1965B. J. Moody Compar. Inorg. Chem. xviii. 268/2 Silica may be fused in the oxy-hydrogen blowpipe flame, softening at 1500–1600° C and fusing above 1700° C... The amorphous vitreous product is a supercooled liquid, silica glass, quartz glass, fused quartz or just silica.
1870tr. Pouchet's Universe 26 Ehrenberg, on analyzing a shower of fine dust.., found eighteen species of silica-plated animalcules.
1882Vines tr. Sachs' Bot. 36 Silica-skeletons are obtained most abundantly from epidermal cells and from Diatoms.
1906Chambers's Jrnl. Aug. 599/1 Slag-wool, or silica-wool, is in appearance and properties similar to asbestos. |