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chirograph|ˈkaɪərəʊgrɑːf, -æ-|
Also 5 cirographe, 7 chyro-.
[a. F. chirographe, ad. L. chīrographum, -us, a. Gr. χειρόγραϕον, -ος (that which is) written with the hand, f. χειρο- hand- + -γραϕος writing, written. It became a technical word in later L. (cf. Gaius iii. 134); its complete naturalization is shown by the prevalence of the form cirographum, whence OF. and Eng. forms in ciro-, cyro-.]
1. Applied technically to various documents formally written, engrossed, or signed.
a. An indenture; = charter-party 1; a deed of conveyance of land so indented. Obs. exc. Hist.
[c1280Charta Edw. I, in Rotul. Scot. i. 1 (Du Cange) Que vous voudrez liverer par Cyrographe endenté entre vous e li.] 1727Cowel's Interpr. (augmented), Anciently, when they made a Chirograph or Deed, which required a Counter-part, as we call it, they engrossed it twice upon one Piece of Parchment contrary-wise, leaving a Space between, in which they wrote in great Letters, the word Chirograph; and then cut the Parchment in two, sometimes even, sometimes with Indenture, thro' the Midst of the Word. 1736Gale Anc. Chirogr. in Phil. Trans. XXXIX. 212 This Marble..exhibiting a compleat Formula of a Chirograph, or Conveyance of one Part of a Burying-Place from one Family to another.
b. The indenture of a fine; one of the counter-parts of such indenture.
1671F. Phillips Reg. Necess. 556 The said Gundreda had a Fine levied unto her..and thereof produced the Chirograph. 1681Lond. Gaz. No. 1633/4 Notice, that whereas divers Fines that were lost or burnt in the late Fire in the Temple, remain uningrossed for want of bringing in the Chyrograps, or exemplifications thereof. 1817W. Selwyn Law Nisi Prius II. 700 The chirograph of a fine is evidence of such fine; because the chirographer is appointed to give out copies of the agreements between the parties. 1865Nichols Britton II. 356 All general attorneys may levy fines and make chirographs.
c. An obligation or bond given in one's own handwriting.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 17/1 This dette here [Col. ii. 14] thapostle calleth Cirographe or oblygacion. 1652Gaule Magastrom. 291 The divel casting in the chirograph, he was publiquely received into the bosome of the Church. 1656Blount Glossogr., Chirograph, a sign Manual, a Bill of ones hand, an Obligation or hand-writing.
d. One of three forms in which the will of the Papal See is expressed in writing.
1528State Lett. in Burnet Hist. Ref. ii. Records xxii, That..by a new Chirograph, the Popes Holiness may be so astringed. 1823Lingard Hist. Eng. VI. 197 A new chirograph of pollicitation. 1864Daily Rev. 24 May, The Chirograph is frequently in Italian, and..is considered as a private act of the Pontiff. 1868Cartwright in News of World 29 Mar., A third form of Papal expression in writing, called a Chirograph..It appears indeed to have no binding force except what it may derive from personal respect for its author, and resembles in authority somewhat the minutes which at times are drawn up in our offices, or the peculiar expression of Royal wishes formerly in use in Prussia, and termed Cabinets-ordre.
2. gen.
a. Any formal written document; a charter.
b. Handwriting. (unusual.)
1613R. C. Table Alph. (ed. 3), Chirograph, hand writing. 1844S. R. Maitland Dark Ages 255 Our most beautiful chirographs, written in the Roman character.
Hence chiˈrographal a., chiˈrographary a. [ad. L. chīrographārius], related to or given in one's own handwriting; chirographary creditor, one who holds an acknowledgement of debt in the debtor's handwriting; chiˈrographate, to set one's hand to, sign; chiroˈgraphic a., -ˈgraphical a., of, pertaining to, or in handwriting; chiˈrographist, a professor of chirography (used by Pope for chirognomist or chirologist); chirographoˈsophic (nonce-wd.), skilled in, or a judge of handwriting.
1694Falle Jersey iv. 111 Few of the Debts are Chyrographal, i.e. upon Bond. 1875Poste Gaius iii. (ed. 2) 352 Privileged chirographary creditors. 1623Cockeram ii, To Write his name to a Band or so, Chirographate. 1885Beveridge Culross & Tulliallan II. xv. 7 Interesting relics..monumental and chirographic. 1623Cockeram, Chirographical, writing, a writing of ones owne hand. c1714Arbuthnot & Pope Martin. Scribl. iii, Let the Chirographists behold his Palm. 1755Johnson, Chirographist. This word is used [in the prec. passage] I think improperly, for one that tells fortunes, by examining the hand: the true word is chirosophist, or chiromancer. 1850Kingsley Alt. Locke xxiv. (D.), ‘But what sort of handwriting was it?’.. ‘Ou then—aiblins a man's, aiblins a maid's: he was no chirographosophic himsel'.’ |