| 释义 |
shearer|ˈʃɪərə(r)|
[f. shear v. + -er1.]
One who or something which shears.
1. A reaper of standing crops.
1318–9in Shropsh. Arch. Soc. Trans. Ser. iii. (1903) III. 51 Rogerus mendepas sherar. 14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 687/11 Hic messor, a scherer. c1520Nisbet N.T. Matt. xiii. 30 In the tyme of ripe corn I sal say to the scheraris [etc.]. 1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 43 Both shearers and binders have neede to be armed with gloves. 1788Picken Poems 138 An', hint a' the shearers, wi' Peggy, I bindet the buttles o' grain. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm III. 1066 Gloves of sheep-skin made on purpose, called shearer's gloves.
fig.a1340Hampole Psalter cxxviii. 6 Aungels are sherers þat gedurs gode frute til god.
Proverb.1668R. B. Adagia Scot. 6 An ill shearer gat never a good hook.
2. One who removes the fleece from an animal.
1388Wyclif 1 Sam. xxv. 11 The fleischis of beestis, whiche Y haue slayn to my schereris. 1523–34Fitzherb. Husb. §52 Take hede of the scherers, for touchynge the shepe with the sheres. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. iv. iii. 44 Shee hath made me four and twenty Nose-gayes for the shearers. 1637Milton Lycidas 117. 1883 Century Mag. Oct. 817 A good shearer shears seventy or eighty sheep in a day.
fig.1654M. Coker (title) A whip of Small Cords to scourge Antichrist..Whereunto is added, The Sheerer sheer'd and Casheer'd, the Shaver shav'd, and the Grinder ground. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. II. iii. iv, Being Shepherd of this indigent People, not Shearer merely.
†3. One who removes the nap of cloth by the process of shearing. Obs.
1473Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 17 To Sandy Balfoure the scherare, for certane clath schorne be him. 1679Jordan Lond. in Luster 17 Wool-combers, Sheerers, Dressers [etc.].
†4. = incisor. Obs.
1610Markham Masterp. ii. xxvi. 260 The vpper teeth, which are the shearers in the vpper chappe. 1683Snape Anat. Horse v. vi. (1686) 211 The Shearers or Fore-teeth.
5. = shearman 3.
1881Instr. Census Clerks (1885) 93 Wrought Iron Manufacture..Shearer or Shearman.
6. a. A machine designed to cut metal, etc.
1890W. J. Gordon Foundry 60 Drilling-machines, punchers, squeezers, shearers, all of mighty size.
b. A coal-cutting machine that cuts in a vertical plane parallel to the coal face.
1956E. Mason Deputy's Man. I. xviii. 258 Most of the cutter-loading machines use vertical shearers which make a cut perpendicular to the plane of the seam... Disc shearers have picks attached to a vertical wheel rotating on a horizontal shaft. 1971New Scientist 29 July 260/1 As the shearer cuts its way along the face, coal was automatically loaded on to a conveyor. 1979Jrnl. R. Soc. Arts Jan. 90/1 By far the most common coal-getting machine in use to-day is known as the shearer.., which removes a slice of coal of about two-thirds of a metre in depth from the face by a revolving drum fitted with tungsten carbide tipped picks. |