| 释义 |
chasuble|ˈtʃæsjʊb(ə)l|
Forms: 4–6 chesible; also 4 -eble, cheisible, 4–5 chesyble, 5 -sibil, -ciple, -siple, -sypyl, -ylle, 5–6 chesybyll, 6 chisible; 5 chesabyll, -pyll, 6 chesable, -sabell; 5 chesuble, chezuble, 6 cheasuble, 7– chasuble.
[ME. chesible was a. OF. chesible (cf. med.L. cassibula); the current form, which has taken its place since 1700, corresponds to mod.F. chasuble (casuble 13th c. in Littré), and to the med.L. casubula (cassubula, casubla, etc.); these go back respectively to late L. types *casipula, *casupula (in It. casipola and casupola little house, poor cottage, cot, hut), popular forms used instead of the literary L. casula, dim. of casa ‘cottage, house’; meaning originally ‘little house, cot’, but also, already in Augustine (c 400), the ordinary name of an outer garment, a large round sleeveless cloak with a hood, according to Isidore (xix. xxi. 17) ‘vestis cucullata, dicta per diminutionem a casa, quod totum hominem tegat, quasi minor casa’.
(Casipula from casa has been compared to manipulus ‘little band’ from manus. The literary ˈcasula appears to have left no representative in mod. Romanic langs.; the OF. chasule, casule (casure), Sp. casulla, point to the secondary diminutive casulula (see Du Cange).
As an article of dress, casula appears to have been a popular or provincial name for the pænula of classical Latin, a garment consisting of a circular piece of cloth with a hole in the centre for the head, worn in cold or rainy weather, by peasants in the fields, travellers, etc.; as the most ordinary of garments, it was worn by the monks, and by the Council of Ratisbon, 742, was decreed to be the proper dress of the clergy out of doors. For the supervestment worn in sacerdotal offices, the ordinary name from 5th to 8th c. was planeta; ‘the earliest undoubted instance of casula so used (in Sacramentary of St. Gregory) dates from the 9th c., or possibly the 8th’ (Dict. Chr. Ant.). But it at length supplanted the earlier names planeta, amphibolum, infula; and in English chasuble has this sense only.]
1. An ecclesiastical vestment, a kind of sleeveless mantle covering the body and shoulders, worn over the alb and stole by the celebrant at Mass or the Eucharist.
αc1300Beket 953 Tho Seint Thomas hadde his Masse ido, his Cheisible he gan of weve. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. vii. 20 And ȝe, loueli Ladies..souweþ..Chesybles for Chapeleyns and Churches to honoure. 1454Test. Ebor. (1836) I. 172, i chesabyll of cloth of golde. c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 755 Hec casula, a chesypyl. 1475Inv. in Hist. MSS. Commiss. i. 554 A chesapyll..of sylke beryng branchis of blewe purpyll. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 108/1 The whyte chesyble that saynt Thomas had said masse in. Ibid. 435/1 He reuesteth hym wyth the chezuble. 1519W. Horman Vulg. 16 b, Fyrst do on the amys, than the albe, than the gyrdell, than the manyple, than the stoole, than the chesybyll. 1552–3Inv. Ch. Goods Staffsh. in Ann. Lichfield IV. 55, V chesabells one of grene velvet & the other iiij of dyvars colowres. 1579Fulke Refut. Rastel 739 Why doth not the priest weare his chisible & other vestments at euensong? 1839Stonehouse Axholme 292 The sepulchral monument of a priest, wearing the chesible.
β1611Cotgr., Chasuble, a chasuble. 1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy (1698) II. 33 The neat Chasuble of cloth of tissue. 1860Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. III. cxx. 63 Copes and chasubles are finding their way back into the Establishment. 1868Marriott Vest. Chr. Introd. 67 Till about the close of the 8th century, ‘Planeta’ was the name given to the supervestment..at a later time..known as the Chasuble. 1884Times 11 Feb. 7/5 The Rev. A. H. Mackonochie, putting on a finely-embroidered red chasuble. 1884Max Müller in 19th Cent. June 1018 The cassock and chasuble turned out to be great-coats, worn originally by laity and clergy alike.
†2. Used to designate other sacerdotal garments, e.g. the Jewish ephod. Obs.
c1430–40Wyclif's Bible, Ex. xxv. 7 (MSS. I.S.) With ephod, that is, a chesiple.
Hence ˈchasubled ppl. a., clad in a chasuble.
1885Ch. Times 1 May 349/3 He received the Holy Communion at Powderham Castle from a chasubled priest. |