| 释义 |
shaken, ppl. a.|ˈʃeɪk(ə)n|
[pa. pple. of shake v.]
1. Put into a quick or violent alternating motion; agitated; (of seed, etc.) sprinkled.
1725P. Blair Pharmaco-Bot. iii. 130 If..no Care has been taken to Till the Ground over the shaken Seed. 1849M. Arnold Strayed Reveller 189 A Chief, With shout and shaken spear, Stands at the prow. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. xxxvi, For the moment she felt like a shaken child.
2. Moved abruptly or violently with a blow or shock; hence, weakened in structure.
1614Gorges Lucan ii. 68 And bands of foot come follow on, This shaken bridge goe set vpon. 1822Shelley Scenes fr. Faust ii. 136 And through the ruins of the shaken mountain The airs hiss and howl. 1858Mallet in Rep. Brit. Assoc. i. 58 The shaken area [of an earthquake].
b. transf. and fig.
1641Milton Reform. ii. 87 This our shaken Monarchy, that now lies labouring under her throwes. 1890Gall Mod. Tactics (ed. 2) 131 Against shaken troops the opportunities will possibly be as great..in the future. 1896F. Mathew Wood of Brambles ix. 176 He is a shaken irritable kindly lean little man.
3. Of a cask: Taken to pieces and bound up in a compact form for transport. (Cf. shake n. 10 a, shook n.)
1557in Hakluyt Voy. (1599) I. 300 We haue laden in these ships..94. tunnes shaken Caske and 46. tunnes whole. 1575Ibid. 414 There must be..800 empty shaken hogsheds. 1792Descr. Kentucky 41 In 1787 were exported Shaken hogsheads 4,775.
4. Of timber: Cracked or split defectively.
1523–34Fitzherb. Husb. §132 (1882) 84 If it be noo tymbre tree but a shaken tree or a hedge-rote full of knottes. 1679Moxon Mech. Exerc. ix. 172 Such Stuff as is crackt either with the heat of the Sun or the droughth of the wind, is called Shaken Stuff. 1680Ibid. xii. 206 If your Stuff prove shaken, or otherwise unsound. 1852Fincham Ship Building ii. (ed. 3) 32 The refuse of the other planking through its being shaken, or otherwise defective.
5. Mining. (See quots.)
1747Hooson Miners Dict. U 4, Swallow, a loose and shaken place in a Vein. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 965 Troubles in coal-fields are..3. Shaken coal. It resembles the rubbish of an old waste.
▸ shaken baby syndrome n. Med. an often fatal form of brain injury in infants, with intracranial and retinal haemorrhage, caused by violent shaking or impact to the head; abbreviated SBS.
[1974J. Caffey in Pediatrics 54 396/1 The report..presents the essential clinical manifestations of the whiplash shaken infant syndrome.] 1982People (Nexis) 8 Nov. 145 Among the life-long effects that may follow such damage, says [Stephen] Ludwig, are loss of vision, loss of control over a limb, epilepsy and mental retardation. Ludwig calls it the ‘*Shaken Baby Syndrome’. 1989Arch. Ophthalmol. 1071472 Shaken baby syndrome consists of intracranial and intraocular hemorrhage in the absence of signs of direct trauma in infants who have sustained whiplash/shaking injuries. 2000Police Rev. 4 Feb. 15/1 We have been fortunate enough to receive a research award from the Home Office to study the police response to ‘shaken baby syndrome’. |