| 释义 |
‖ Scorpæna|skɔːˈpiːnə|
Also 8 scorpena.
[L., ad. Gr. σκόρπαινα a kind of fish; app. irreg. fem. f. σκορπίος scorpion.
The fish named σκόρπαινα by the ancients was prob. so called from being prickly (cf. the cognate σκορπίς, σκορπίος, which are names of fishes expressly described as having spines). The application of Scorpæna as a mod. generic name is due to the resemblance of the word to It. scorpina (see scorpene).]
In early use, a name applied vaguely (like the vernacular synonyms scorpion-fish, sea-scorpion) to various prickly fishes, chiefly of the families Scorpænidæ and Cottidæ. Now only as the name of a genus (Linnæus 1758) of acanthopterygian fishes, originally of wide extent, but subsequently much restricted; the typical genus of the family Scorpænidæ.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Scorpæna, or Scorpides, the lesser Scorpion-fish. 1752J. Hill Hist. Anim. 269 The red Scorpæna, with numerous beards. 1772Cook's Voy. (1790) I. 155 In all the coves of this bay we found plenty of cuttle-fish,..scorpenas, or rock-fish [etc.]. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1824) III. 62 The Scorpæna or Father-lasher.
Hence scorˈpænid, a fish of the family Scorpænidæ. scorˈpænoid, a. of or pertaining to the Scorpænidæ; n. a scorpænoid fish.
1842J. Richardson in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. IX. 120 Centropristes scorpenoides (Cuv. & Val.), Scorpenoid Centro⁓pristes. 1862T. Gill in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 329 Scorpænoids. 1880Günther Stud. Fishes 413 The habit of living on the bottom has also developed in many Scorpænoids separate pectoral rays, by means of which they move or feel. Ibid. 417 To complete the list of Scorpænoid genera, we have to mention Tænianotus [etc.]. 1885Riverside Nat. Hist. (1888) III. 249 The latter [name]..is inapplicable to the Scorpænids, because they are entirely unlike the cod. |