| 释义 |
pupilage, pupillage|ˈpjuːpɪlɪdʒ|
[f. pupil n.1 or L. pūpill-us + -age.]
1. The condition of being a minor or ward; the period of this condition; nonage, minority.
1590Spenser F.Q. ii. x. 64 By meanes whereof their uncle Vortigere Usurpt the crowne during their pupillage. 1690Locke Govt. ii. viii. §105 The Father..might thereby punish his transgressing Children even when they were Men, and out of their Pupilage. 1783Burke Affairs India Wks. XI. 258 A measure..professing to relieve the Nabob from a state of perpetual pupilage. 1877E. R. Conder Bas. Faith iii. 103 This protracted pupilage is needed by his moral nature.
b. fig. Said of the world, a country, etc.
1605Daniel Queen's Arcadia Wks. (1717) 183 They live as if still in the golden Age, When as the World was in its Pupillage. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. iii. xiv, Moses Law, by which we were kept in pupillage and minority. 1777Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) III. 269 Thus the colonies are kept in a state of perpetual pupillage. 1871Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue §329 The period when our language was in a state of pupillage.
2. The condition or position of being a pupil or scholar; pupilship.
a1658Cleveland Gen. Poems (1677) 61 Come all the Brats of this Expounding Age To whom the Spirit is in Pupilage. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 87 ⁋10 To raise themselves from pupillage by disputing the propositions of their teacher. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. p. ii, At the period of the Duke's pupillage at Westminster school, there were annual town-and-gown conflicts between the scholars and the boys of Tothill Fields. 1882Carpenter in 19th Cent. Apr. 543 In the days of my medical pupillage the brewers' draymen were the terror of every hospital surgeon in London.
Add:[2.] b. spec. in English Law. Apprenticeship to a member of the Bar that qualifies a barrister to practise independently.
1852E. W. Cox Advocate I. xx. 207 The very purpose of the pupilage in Chambers is to witness the practice of the law which the Student has learned or is learning from his books. 1912J. J. G. Slater Should I Go to Bar? iii. i. 47 During pupilage [it is] customary to attend the various courts to see the work begun in chambers carried to a conclusion. 1977Prof. Careers Bull. Autumn 1/2 Pupilages are difficult to find. 1978R. Hazell Bar on Trial iv. 83 In 1959 the Inns made pupillage compulsory, by amending the Call declaration to include an undertaking not to practise at the English Bar without doing twelve months' pupillage. 1981R. Scruton Fortnight's Anger iii. 66 ‘I..am just preparing Bar finals.’ ‘Pupillage fixed? Want any help? Can I speak to..?’ 1982E. Usher Careers in Law iii. 42 You still have to do pupillage before you can start to develop your own practice... Some barristers never undergo pupillage because, for instance, for jobs in industry there is no requirement for them to do so. |