| 释义 |
▪ I. blaspheme, v.|blɑːsˈfiːm, -æ-|
Forms: 4 blasfeme(n, 5 -yn, (blasefleme), 7 blaspheam, 4– blaspheme.
[ME. blasfeme-n, a. OF. blasfeme-r (= Pr., Sp. blasfemar), ad. L. blasphēmā-re, ad. Gr. βλασϕηµέειν to speak profanely, f. βλάσϕηµος evil speaking, blasphemous (-ϕηµος speaking). Transferred to L. in the Vulgate and eccles. writers, and preserved liturgically in the modern langs. The same word became popular in late L. in sense of ‘revile, reproach,’ whence Romanic *blasimāre, It. biasimare, Pr. blasmar, F. blasmer, blâmer, Eng. blame.]
1. intr. To utter profane or impious words, talk profanely. Const. against (in Wyclif also in, upon).
1340Ayenb. 30 Ha..blasfemeþ aye god and his halȝen. 1382Wyclif Mark iii. 29 He that shal blasfeme aȝeins [1611 blaspheme against] the Holy Gost. ― Sel. Wks. III. 170 Ȝif freres by gabbingis blasfeme upon Crist. Ibid. 349 Þei blasfemen in Crist. c1440Gesta Rom. 381 Then the soule began to blasefleme. 1595Shakes. John iii. i. 161 Brother of England, you blaspheme in this. 1711Addison Spect. No. 99 ⁋7 One may tell another he whores, drinks, blasphemes. 1821Byron Cain i. i. 35 Blaspheme not; these are serpents' words. 1835J. G. Dowling Lett. Dr. Maitland 17 They..blaspheme against the precious cross.
2. trans. To speak irreverently of, utter impiety against (God or anything sacred.)
1382Wyclif Isa. i. 4 Thei blasfemeden the hoeli of Irael. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 4 b, They not onely despysed hym, but also they blasphemed the holy goost. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iii. ii. 372 Blaspheming God, and cursing men on earth. 1795Burke Let. Wks. VII. 350 He is ready to blaspheme his God, to insult his king. 1872Ruskin Eagle's Nest §240 New foulness with which to blaspheme the story of Christ.
3. gen. To speak evil of, revile, calumniate, abuse.
c1386Chaucer Sompn. T. 475 As that this olde cherl with lokkes hoore Blasphemed hath oure hooly Couent eke. 1605Shakes. Macb. iv. iii. 108 Since that the truest Issue of thy Throne..do's blaspheme his breed. 1654Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 327 As soon as this fatal news came to Pacorus's knowledge, he blasphem'd them for it. 1725Pope Odyss. xiv. 462 While those who from our labours heap their board, Blaspheme their feeder and forget their lord. 1847Tennyson Princ. iv. 119 So they blaspheme the muse!
†b. intr. To rail, to utter words of abuse. rare.
a1592Greene Arbasto vi, Doralicia chafed much in her choller, blaspheming bitterly both against me and her sister.
▪ II. † blaspheme, a. and n.1 Obs.
Also 4–5 blasfem(e.
[a. F. blasphème, ad. L. blasphēmus, ad. Gr. βλάσϕηµος; see prec.]
A. adj. Blasphemous.
1382Wyclif 2 Macc. x. 4 To barbaris, or heithen, and blasfeme men. c1410Love Bonavent. Mirr. xxxiv. 66 (Gibbs MS.), To haue stoned hym as blaspheme [1530 a blasphemer].
B. n. A blasphemer.
1382Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 347 Shulden siche blasfemes be stoned to deeþ. 1401Pol. Poems (1859) II. 93 The Pharisees, pursuwed Crist to the dethe, ȝe, callid hym a blasfeme.
▪ III. † blasˈpheme, n.2 Obs.
[a. F. blasphème (in 12th c. also blafeme:—L. blasphēmia blasphemy. (In Chaucer also accented ˈblaspheme.)]
The earlier word for blasphemy.
1384Chaucer Scogan 15 In blaspheme of the goddis? c1386― Pard. T. 265 Cursed forswerynges, Blaspheme of crist, mansclaughter. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 138 With many suche blasphemes and prouocacyons to impacyence. 1583T. Watson Poems (Arb.) 153 Yet glorious heauns, ô pardon my blaspheme. |