| 释义 |
saturnine, a. and n.|ˈsætənaɪn|
[ad. med.L. *Sāturnīnus, f. Sāturnus Saturn. Cf. F. saturnin, Sp., Pg., It. saturnino.]
A. adj.
1. a. Astrol. Born under or affected by the influence of the planet. b. Hence (in later use without allusion to the primary sense), sluggish, cold, and gloomy in temperament.
Saturnine mount, in Palmistry = Mons Saturni: see mons.
1433Lydg. St. Edmund ii. 275 This cursid Bern, enuyous and riht fals, And of complexioun verray saturnyne. 1587Greene 2nd Pt. Tritam. I 4 b, The Saturnine temperature is necessarie to dry vp the superfluities of the sanguine constitution. 1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe 64 Saturnine heauy headed blunderers. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. i. ii. 62 Gregorius Tolosanus makes seauen kindes of ætheriall..Divels, according to the number of the seauen Planets, Saturnine, Iouial, Martiall, &c. 1642Howell For. Trav. v. (Arb.) 30 Go first to the Operations of the Soule, the one is Active and Mercuriall, the other is Speculative and Saturnine: the one Quick and Ayry, the other Slow and Heavy. 1668Dryden Def. Dram. Poesy Ess. (ed. Ker) I. 116 My conversation is slow and dull; my humour saturnine and reserved. 1696Aubrey Misc. (1721) 172 Toads (Saturnine Animals) are killed by putting of Salt upon them. 1711Addison Spect. No. 179 ⁋1, I may cast my Readers unto two general Divisions, the Mercurial and the Saturnine. a1779Warburton Div. Legat. ix. Introd., Wks. 1788 III. 593 The Indolent, the Active, the Sanguine, the Flegmatic, and the Saturnine have all their correspondent Theories [of morality]. 1822Scott Nigel xiii, The former..was grave and saturnine in every thing he did. 1848Dickens Dombey xxxv, Towlinson is saturnine and grim. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xvi. III. 634 One of the most remarkable peculiarities of this man [William III], ordinarily so saturnine and reserved, was that danger acted on him like wine. 1865Longfellow Dante's Purgat. Introd. Sonn., O poet saturnine! 1871Tylor Prim. Cult. I. 113 Chiromancy..finds proof of melancholy in the intersections on the saturnine mount.
2. Pertaining to the planet Saturn. rare—1.
1862G. Wilson Relig. Chem. 59 The Mercurial day being, like our own, twenty-four hours long, the Saturnine only ten.
3. Of or pertaining to lead.
1669W. Simpson Hydrol. Chym. 7 You shall find the water to have contracted no saturnine impression. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v., Saturnine tincture, tinctura saturnina. 1782E. Ford in Med. Commun. I. 96 A scabby eruption, which..yielded to a saturnine application. 1813J. Thomson Lect. Inflam. 445 An emollient or saturnine poultice forms..the best application to the ulcer. 1835G. Field Chromatogr. 95 Red Lead, Minium, or Saturnine Red. 1874Garrod & Baxter Mat. Med. (1880) 120 Acetate of lead and other Saturnine preparations.
b. Path. Of disorders: Caused by absorption of lead. Of a patient: Suffering from lead-poisoning.
1823J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 105 Spasmodic cholic, or the satumine [read saturnine], as it is termed, from the causation thereof, generally follows a debauch of wine, of the pale kinds particularly. 1855Dunglison Med. Lex., Saturnine breath, the peculiar odour of the breath in one labouring under Saturnismus. 1885T. Stevenson in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 278/1 Potmen, who drink beer which has rested for some time in pewter vessels, are also the occasional victims of saturnine poisoning. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 982 The increase or diminution of the uric acid was in no way proportional to the severity of the colic, and old saturnine patients tended to pass it in excess.
†B. n. A person born under the planet Saturn; a gloomy person.
1631R. Brathwait Whimzies, Launderer 56 A Launderer is a linnen barber, and a meere saturnine; for you shall ever finde her in the sudds. 1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 151 So much for the Physiognomy of the Saturnines; now for the Jovialists.
Add:[A.] [1.] c. Of appearance or mien: dark, grim, louring.
1776E. Topham Lett. Edin. 83 The men are large and disproportioned with unfavourable, long, and saturnine countenances. 1891O. Wilde Pict. Dorian Gray xi. 214 How evil he looked! The face was saturnine and swarthy, and the sensual lips seemed to be twisted with disdain. 1955R. Church Over Bridge (1956) iv. 45 A woman still handsome in a saturnine way, with hair jet-black. 1989Independent 19 Oct. 13 With the saturnine appearance of an opera Machiavelli, he at least looks more interesting than his mentor. |