| 释义 |
Samoyed, n. and a.|ˈsæməʊjɛd|
Forms: 7 Samoit, Samoed, 7–8 Samoid, Samoied, 8–9 Samojede, 9 Samoiede, Samoyede, 7– Samoyed.
[Russian samoyed. The rendering ‘self-eater’ (cf. myasoyed flesh-eater), interpreted as ‘cannibal’, is already mentioned by Purchas 1613.]
A. n.
1. One of Mongolian race inhabiting Siberia.
1589A. Jenkinson in Morgan & Coote Early Voy. Russia & Persia (1886) I. 36 The Tartars and Gentiles, called Samoydes. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 432 The Samoits or Samoyeds are clad from head to foot in Deeres-skinnes. 1688Boyle Final Causes Nat. Things iv. 129 The countries inhabited by the Samoids. 1726Bolingbroke Study of Hist. (1777) II. 34 The Samojedes wondered much at the Czar of Muscovy for not living among them. 1756Dyer Fleece iv. 145 The hardy Samoid. 1812Shelley in Dowden Life (1887) I. 319 The poor are as abject as Samoyeds. 1841[see Ostyak]. 1876A. J. Evans Through Bosnia i. 31 Among Lapps and Samoyeds. 1911Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 118/1 The language now spoken by the Samoyedes belongs to the Finno-Ugrian group, and is allied to Finnish but has a more copious system of suffixes. 1944[see Nenets]. 1972Language XLVIII. 206 The Samoyeds make up only one small group of scattered tribes among the many non-Russian peoples who have inhabited Siberia.
2. Also with small initial. A white or buff dog belonging to the breed so called, once used as working dogs in the Arctic, and distinguished by a thick, shaggy coat, stocky build, pricked ears, and a tail curled over the back. Also attrib.
1889Pall Mall Gaz. 30 Apr. 6/2 A beautiful brown silky-haired sharp-eared Samoyed dog. 1905[see laika]. 1914N. Newnham-Davis Gourmet's Guide to London liii. 340 [He] brought me in..to look at a delightful little Samoyede puppy. 1922R. Leighton Compl. Bk. Dog vii. 98 The white Samoyed is one of the most beautiful of all dogs. 1934[see malamute]. 1954M. K. Wilson tr. Lorenz's Man meets Dog ix. 90 Pointed muzzles, obliquely set Mongolian eyes and pricked ears pointing sharply upwards..that fascinating expression which distinguishes Greenland sledge-dogs, Samoyeds and Huskies. 1977G. Marton Alarum 61 The well-fed passengers..probably expected to be carried across immense ice fields by rough Samoyed dogs.
B. adj. Of or pertaining to the Samoyeds. Also quasi-n., their language.
1667Milton P.L. x. 695 From the North Of Norumbega, and the Samoed shoar. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XVI. 639/1 It is said that all the Samoied women have black nipples. 1822tr. Malte-Brun's Universal Geogr. I. xxiii. 571 The Tunguse is a dialect of the Mantchou; the Samoyede differs from it. 1875Whitney Life Lang. xii. 230 The second branch [of the Turanian family of languages] is the Samoyed. 1956J. Whatmough Language 28 In the north, Samoyede, a member of the same family as the Finnish dialects. |