| 释义 |
betake, v.|bɪˈteɪk|
Pa. tense betook. Pa. pple. betaken. For forms see take v.
[ME. be-, bitake(n, f. bi-, be- + take. There seems to have been an early confusion of betake with betæce, betæche, beteach, which extended in part also to the simple take, so that this had the sense of ‘deliver, hand over, give in charge,’ not found in ON., and not logically developed in Eng. from its proper sense of ‘seize, grasp, catch hold of, make oneself holder or owner of.’ In any case, in ME., betake, betôk, betaken was identified in sense with beteach, betaughte, betaught; and only since the latter became obs., has betake tended to revert toward the normal sense of take. See take.]
†1. trans. To hand over, deliver, give up, grant, place at a person's disposal; = beteach 2. Const. with dat. or to, unto, etc. Obs.
c1205Lay. 6251 Heo sculleð eow, þat lond bi-taken. c1250Ibid. 22791 He was bi-take [c 1205 iȝefen] Arthur? in stede of hostage. a1300Havelok 1226 Gold and siluer and oþer fe Bad he us bi-taken þe. c1400Destr. Troy iv. 1391 Ercules..Betoke hir to Telamon. 1534More On Passion Wks. 1338/2 The onely sacrifice betaken by Chryst vnto his christen church. 1618Rowlands Sacred Mem. 24 Then bread he brake, And that to his Disciples did betake. 1621Quarles Esther (1638) 89 Zedechia..Into Serajahs peacefull hand betooke The sad contents of a more dismall Booke.
†b. To hand over to the care of; to entrust, commit, give in charge to; = beteach 3. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. 354 He bytoc hym Engelond, þat he yt wel wuste To Wyllammes byofþe. a1300Cursor M. 1126 (Gött.) He was noght bitan [C. bi-taght, F. betaȝt, T. bitake] to me. c1375Wyclif Wks. (1880) 365 Þe whiche god had bytake to her gouernance. c1440Promp. Parv. 34 Betakyn' a thynge to anothere, committo, commendo. 1596Spenser F.Q. iii. iv. 28 Phœbe to a nymphe her babe betooke To be upbrought in perfect maydenhed. 1649Selden Laws Eng. i. lix. (1739) 110 The Empress perceiving the power of the Clergy, betakes her case to them.
†c. To give in marriage. Obs.
1382Wyclif Ecclus. vii. 27 Bytac a doȝtir and a gret werk thou shalt do; and to a wel felende man ȝif hyr.
†2. To commit or commend (one), by the expression of a wish, to (God, the devil, etc.); often as an appreciation or imprecation. Also in leave-taking: To bid adieu, say good-bye. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. 475 God & Seinte Marie, & Sein Denis al so..Ich bitake min soule. c1386Chaucer Miller's T. 564 My soule bitake I vn to Sathanas. c1400Apol. Loll. 24 Petre be tok Anani..to þe fend to be tormentid perpetuali. 1493Festyvall (W. de W. 1515) 115 He betoke them to god & Mary maudeleyne to kepe & wente his way. 1526Skelton Magnyf. 406 Nowe to the Devil I the betake. 1642Evelyn Mem. (1857) III. 4 To God Almighty I betake it for support and speedy good success.
†3. To allot, to assign; = beteach 5. Obs.
c1300Cursor M. 4001 (Gött.) Þe fiss to water als we finde, Þe foul he bitok [C. be-taght, F. be taȝt] to þe wind.
4. refl. To commit oneself, have recourse or resort to any kind of action. to betake oneself to one's heels: to retreat in flight, to run away.
15..Sc. Metr. Ps. lvii, My soule doth her betake unto the helpe of the. 1593Hooker Eccl. Pol. i. vii. §3 When we betake ourselves unto rest. 1598Greenwey Tacitus' Ann. xii. viii. (1622) 166 The enemy betooke him to his heeles with small losse. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. iii. iv. 240 That defence thou hast, betake the too't. 1684Bunyan Pilgr. ii. 22 They betook themselves to a short debate. 1762Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) III. 220 To betake themselves to other expedients for supporting authority. 1794Burke Sp. W. Hastings Wks. 1842 XV. 166 They saw him..betaking himself to flight. 1833H. Martineau Briery Creek v. 107 The Irish betake themselves to rebellion when stopped in their merry-makings.
†b. intr. (for refl.) Obs.
1596Spenser F.Q. i. v. 28 Then to her yron wagon she betakes. 1606Sylvester Du Bartas (1633) 320 All be-take to flight. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. ii. Introd., Whether aught was imposed me by them, or betaken to of mine own choice.
c. pass.
1601T. Wright Passions of Minde (1620) 303 The matter whereunto I am betaken.
5. refl. To resort, make one's way, turn one's course, go. (Here the notion of ‘taking’ or ‘conveying’ oneself becomes distinct.)
1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. 1653 Pref. 3 It was of old a custome..for the sick to betake themselves unto the..Temple of Aesculapius. 1667Milton P.L. x. 922 Whither shall I betake me, where subsist? 1714T. Ellwood Autobiog. 3 He betook himself to London. 1815L. Hunt Feast Poets 21 So off he betook him the way that he came.
b. with obj. = refl. pron.
1861Dickens Gt. Expect. II. 307 They betook their little quickened hearts behind the panels.
†6. To take; to take in some sense. Obs.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 639 The xth day the IIII away betake And other IIII enscore her place into. a1555Latimer Wks. (1844–5) I. 73 (D.) As the blanchers have blanched it and wrested it, and as I myself did once betake it. 1591Spenser M. Hubberd 69 Ere that anie way I doo betake, I meane my Gossip privie first to make.
†7. (?) To pursue; to overtake. Obs.
a1000ælfric Colloquy ⁋34 Mid swiftum hundum ic betæce [MS. betæcc] wildeor [insequor feras]. 1375Barbour Bruce iii. 159 Now may ȝe se Betane the starkest pundelan. 1583Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 52 When slumber sweetlye betaketh Eech mortal person. |