| 释义 |
▪ I. bending, vbl. n.1|ˈbɛndɪŋ|
[f. bend v.]
†1. Drawing tight with a string, tension. Obs.
c1440Promp. Parv. 30 Bendynge of bowys, or oþer lyke, tencio.
2. a. Curving, crooking, flexure; bowing, inclination, deflection.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. viii. xxx. (1495) 342 And yf the sonne beme..metyth wyth a body that puttyth and smytyth the lyghte ayenwarde, suche a smytynge and puttynge is callyd bendynge of the beme. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, iii. iii. 73 Thus long haue we stood To watch the fearefull bending of thy knee. 1651Jer. Taylor Course Serm. i. ix. 117 Rent in sunder with trees returning from their violent bendings. 1662Gerbier Princ. 19 To prevent the sinking and bending of their Walls. 1712Budgell Spect. No. 277 ⁋17 The various Leanings and Bendings of the Head. 1823Lamb Elia Ser. i. i, That gentle bending of the body forwards.
fig.1615W. Hull Mirr. Maiestie 47 Prayer is a deuout bending of the minde to God.
b. spec. The curvature of a beam. So bending moment, the moment tending to produce curvature in a beam; bending stress, the stress that causes curvature in a bar, beam, etc.
1858Bending moment [see moment n. 8 b]. 1876Encycl. Brit. IV. 290/1 The moment of this couple must be equal to the moment of the couple tending to bend the beam at this section, or to what is called the bending moment. 1887Ibid. XXII. 604/1 The strain produced by bending stress in a bar or beam. 1888Lockwood's Dict. Terms Mech. Engin., Bending, or Flexure, the curvature of a beam about its axis or central plane. 1961C. C. T. Baker Dict. Math. 29 The bending moment at any section of a beam is the couple which one part of a beam exerts on the other part at that section.
3. The place or part where such curving occurs; a curve, angle, corner; a bend; the spring of an arch or vault.
1523Fitzherb. Husb. §95 A selander is in the bendynge of the legge behynde. 1665Manley Grotius' Low-C. Wars 626 Not far from Harwarden are the bendings of the River. 1737Whiston Josephus' Hist. v. iv. §2 The wall..having its bending above the fountain.
4. Naut. The fastening with a ‘bend’ or knot.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. vii. 30 To tie two ropes or cables together is called bending. 1829Marryat F. Mildmay v, The bending of the cable escaped my memory.
†5. The contrivance for drawing up a cross-bow; = bender 2. Obs.
1530Palsgr. 197/2 Bendyng for a crosbowe, bendage.
6. (See quot.)
1816C. James Milit. Dict. 51/1 Bendings, in military and sea matters, are ropes, wood, &c. bent for several purposes.
7. The action or process of shaping wood, iron, or other material by pressure instead of by cutting or casting. Chiefly attrib. and Comb.: bending machine, bending rolls; bending cradle (see quot. 1874); bending form, a kind of bench anvil used in bending steam, gas, and water pipes; bending slab, an iron floor upon which ships' frames are bent.
1874Thearle Naval Archit. 132 The ‘bending cradle’ is composed of a pair of stout iron vertical frames, between the bars of which transverse beams of iron, bent to the necessary curvature, are secured. a1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 97/2 A French bending machine, for cart and wagon tires. 1888Lockwood's Dict. Terms Mech. Engin., Bending Rolls, heavy rollers of cast iron or steel set in strong standards, and used either for the straightening of crooked plates or for bending them into arcs of circles or into complete cylinders. Ibid., Straightening machine,..a machine in which channel, angle, and bar iron are straightened or bent, in boiler and smiths' shops, by squeezing... Since it will bend as well as straighten it is also called a bending machine. 1890W. J. Gordon Foundry 60 The ‘bending-slab’—a pavement of square masses of iron,..large enough to take any frame required in the ship to be built.
8. Horsemanship. (See quot. 1891.)
1891J. M. Brown Polo 323 The ‘bending’ course is a capital institution, of which I believe the Earl of Harrington was the originator about eight years ago. Two lines of sticks should be set up 20 yards apart and parallel to each other. The sticks should be about 7 feet high and 8 yards apart... Then begin by cantering your pony up one side and down the other zigzagging between the posts. Ibid., I may here remark that this ‘bending’ competition is the most invaluable practical test of a really good polo pony. 1900Daily News 16 Mar. 3/4 The bending competition, in which the considerations of pace, precision, riding, and ‘make’ [of a pony] are joined in equal importance. 1922Times 20 June 7/2 Both [polo ponies] being particularly handy at turning and bending.
▪ II. † ˈbending, vbl. n.2 Obs.
[? f. bend n.2 + -ing1.]
Decoration with ‘bends’ or stripes.
c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋343 Swandyng, palyng or bendyng, and semblable wast of cloth in vanite.
▪ III. ˈbending, ppl. a.
[f. bend v. + -ing2.]
That bends (in various senses of the vb.); curving, curved, inclined, bowing; flexible, pliable, supple.
1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 109 With hir bending bodie. 1571Norton & Sackv. Gorboduc i. i. (1847) 104 Their yet greene bending wittes. 1605Shakes. Lear iv. i. 76 A Cliffe, whose high and bending head Lookes fearfully on the confined Deepe. 1697Dryden Virg. Eclog. x. 103 Bending Osiers into Baskets weav'd. ― Georg. iii. 512 Some bending Valley. 1715Pope Iliad iv. 555 To shape the circle of the bending wheel. 1810Southey Kehama xv. xi, Behold her go..Along the bending sand. |