| 释义 |
▪ I. roe1|rəʊ|
Forms: α. 1 raha, 1, 5–6 raa, 1, 4–6 ra, 6 ray, 7 rey, 6– rae, 6 re. β. 3 roa, 4–6 ro, roo, 6 rhoo, row(e, 6– roe.
[Common Teut.: OE. ráha, ráa, rá, = MDu. rē, ree (Du. ree), OS. rêho (LG. rê), OHG. rêho (also rêh neut., G. reh), ON. rá (Da. raa, Sw. rå), of uncertain etym. OE. had also a fem. rǽᵹe corresponding to OHG. reia. After 1300 the α-forms are only northern and Sc.]
1. A small species of deer (Capreolus capræa, formerly Cervus capreolus) inhabiting various parts of Europe and Asia; a deer belonging to this species.
αc725Corpus Gloss. 403 Capria, raha. c875Erfurt Gloss. 1161 Capriolus, raa. c900tr. Baeda's Hist. i. i. (1890) 30 Hit is fiscwylle & fuᵹolwylle, & mære on huntunge heorta & rana. c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 166 Ᵹyf man on huntuþe ran oððe ræᵹean mid flane..ᵹewæceþ. a1300Cursor M. 19080 Þe propheci was þan fild sua Þat said þat halt suld scep as ra. c1386Chaucer Reeve's T. 4097, I is ful wight, god waat, as is a raa. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxxi. 143 In þat cuntree also er many cameliouns, þe whilk es a lytill beste of þe mykilnes of a raa. c1480Henryson Mor. Fables (Wolf & Wether) 2511 Went neuer Hound mair haistelie fra the hand, Quhen he wes rynnand maist raklie at the ra. 1513Douglas æneis iv. iv. 55 Lo! ther the rais, rynning swyft as fyre. Ibid. xii. Prol. 182 Kyddis skippand throw ronnis eftir rayis. a1585Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 21 The hart, the hynd, the dae, the rae,..War skowping all frae brae to brae. 1612Naworth Househ. Bks. (Surtees) 28 H. Geldart's son bringing a rey. 17..Ramsay To Starrat 32 Blythly wald I..stend o'er burns as light as ony rae. 1881Berwick Nat. Club Proc. IX. 454 ‘As wild as the rae’ is a well-known Border phrase.
βa1200in Fragm. ælfric's Gram. etc. (1838) 3 Caprea, roa. a1225St. Marher. 3 As fisch ahon on hoke, as þe roa inumen iþe net. c1275Serving Christ 71 in O.E. Misc. 92 Ne geyneþ vs..þe ronke racches þat ruskit þe ron. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 15750 Fond þey neuere..bukke ne do,..cony, fowen, no ro. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 311 In þat londe beeþ many scheep..and fewe roos and hertes. c1407Lydg. Reson & Sens. 3728 Hert, and hynde, buk, and doo,..reyndere and the dredful roo. 1481Caxton Reynard (Arb.) 99 Moche mete of hertes and hyndes, roes,..and moche other venyson. 1535Coverdale 1 Chron. xiii. 8 Men of armes, which..were as swifte as the Roes vpon y⊇ mountaynes. 1575Turberv. Venerie 241 The tayle of Harte, Bucke, Rowe, or any other Deare, is to be called the Syngle. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa iv. 216 Here are great store of roes, deere, and ostriches. 1735Somerville Chase ii. 160 Their Coursers, than the Mountain Roe More fleet. 1799J. Robertson Agric. Perth 329 The roes travel in single families, seldom more than four together. 1802Bingley Anim. Biog. (1813) I. 446 The height of the Roe at the shoulders is about two feet and a half. 1865Kingsley Herew. i, The yellow roes stood and stared at him.
2. attrib. and Comb., as roe-doe, roe-drive (cf. drive n. 1 c and 2 b), roe-head, roe-hunt, roe-kid, roe-leather, etc.; roe-hunter, roe-hunting, roe-shooting; roe-footed adj.; roe ring, a track worn by roe deer running in circles prior to mating; roe-stalking, the hunting of roe-deer on foot; so roe-stalker.
1570Levins Manip. 154/13 A *Roe doe, capræa. 1575Turberv. Venerie 142 They neuer part vntil the Row-doe haue fawned.
1897Daily News 17 Nov. 9/6 There are *roe-drives in the woods.
1631Chettle Hoffman C ij, I, my good Lord, being *roefooted, outstript him in running.
1577in H. Hall Eliz. Soc. (1886) 154, 18 *roeheads, {pstlg}4.
1840Colquhoun Moor & Loch 34 The generality of *roe-hunts are nothing but blunders from beginning to end.
Ibid. 35 One or two experienced *roe-hunters had the whole sport to themselves.
1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Hunting, *Roe Hunting. 1840Colquhoun Moor & Loch 39, I had not then much knowledge of roe-hunting.
1618in Macpherson Fauna Lakeland (1892) 73 Making a pannell..for carrying iij *rey kidds to London, xxd. 1634Ibid. 72 Goinge with a roe kidd to Judge Cawlye, xijd.
1347in Riley Mem. Lond. (1868) 234 The hundred of *rolether, 16s. 1398Ibid. 547 That no manner of shepeslether or calveslether..be dyed after the manner of rolether.
1354–5Durh. Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 555 Pro *Ranettes et cordulis pro eisdem. 1383–4Ibid. 593 In cordis emp. pro le Raanet.
1840Colquhoun Moor & Loch 35 Their love of a *roe-pasty prevailing over their love of the chase.
1620in Macpherson Fauna Lakeland (1892) 72 For careing *roe pyes to my Lord Chancler's, xviijd.
1951H. Tegner Roe Deer iii. 27 (caption) Shape of *roe rings: small circles denote small trees or bushes as axes around which roe form these runs. 1960M. Burton Wild Animals 128 A feature of the rutting season [of roe deer] which has attracted a good deal of attention in recent years has to do with the use of ‘roe rings’, in which a form of courtship takes place. 1974F. Holmes Following Roe i. 10 Roe rings, well-trodden runs in the shape of a circle or a figure-of-eight, are evidence of roe residence if they have been recently used.
1840Colquhoun Moor & Loch 38 Recommending the above manner of *roe-shooting.
1571Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees, 1835) 352 Item I gyue to Edward Archibald iij *Roye [? read raye] skinnes.
1927Edwards & Wallace Hunting & Stalking Deer xlii. 237, I have never yet met a *roe-stalker who did not love the roe.
1906J. G. Millais Mammals Gt. Brit. & Ireland III. 178 There are of course hundreds of estates in the North where *Roe-stalking is not possible. 1973Country Life 26 July 254/3 A week's roe-stalking in Britain is..one of the most sought-after privileges among European devotees.
c1400Rom. Rose 7048 *Roo⁓venisoun y-bake in paste. 1814Scott Wav. xii. note, The learned in cookery..hold the roe-venison dry and indifferent food, unless [etc.].
▪ II. roe2|rəʊ|
Forms: α. 5–6 roughe, 6–7 rough; 5 roof, 7 roff(e; 6–7 rowe, 7–8 row. β. 7– roe.
[ME. type *roȝ(e, row(e, = MDu. roch, roge (Kilian roghe), Flem. rog, MLG. roge, rogge, MHG. roge, OHG. rogo. It is not clear whether the word is native in English or of later adoption. For forms with final n see rown.]
1. The mass of eggs contained in the ovarian membrane of a fish. hard roe, the spawn of a female fish; soft roe, the milt or sperm of a male fish. Also in roe.
α14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 591 Lactes, roof of fyshe, or mylke of fyshe. c1430Two Cookery Bks. 114 Tak ye rowys of fissh & ye liuere. c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1868) 161 White herynge in a dische,..looke he be white by þe boon, þe roughe white & nesche. 1530Palsgr. 177 Oeue, the roughe of a fysshe. Ibid. 264/1 Rowe in a fysshes belly, oevue. 1617Minsheu Ductor 422 Roffes or Roughes of fish that spawne. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. x. 31 He got his Merchandise aboard, which..was nothing but the rows of shads. 1696Phil. Trans. XIX. 256 Composed of Globules, so like the Rowes or Spawn of Fishes. 1773P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 201 The..Herrings that have little or no Milt or Row. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VI. 340 That small kind of mackarel that have neither melts nor rows. 1832[see salmon n.1 4].
β1595Shakes. Rom. & Jul. ii. iv. 39 Here comes Romeo. Mer. Without his Roe, like a dryed Hering. 1606― Troil. & Cr. v. i. 68 To be..a Herring without a Roe, I would not care. 1653Walton Angler viii. 162 You shall scarce..take a Male Carp without a Melt, or a Female without a Roe or Spawn. 1714Mandeville Fab. Bees (1733) II. 287 You mean the prodigious quantity of roe they spawn. 1769Pennant Brit. Zool. III. 141 [Cod] begin to spawn in January... Some continue in roe till the beginning of April. 1800Phil. Trans. XC. 169 It is remarkable that the hard roe, in general, does not emit so much light as the soft-roe. 1848Lytton Harold vi. i, A Moorish compound, made of eggs and roes of carp. 1875Nicholson Man. Zool. (ed. 4) 412 Fishes are, for the most part, truly oviparous, the ovaries being familiarly known as the ‘roe’.
2. attrib. and Comb., as roe-fish, roe-laden, roe-like, roe mullet, roe sauce, roe-shad, roe-sick; roe corn, a single egg from a roe.
1868Rep. U.S. Commissioner Agric. (1869) 321 These boxes contain each two thousand *roe ‘corns’.
1894Outing XXIV. 54/2 The killing of a *roe-laden fish on her way to spawn.
1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases xxxvii. 573 A white or yellowish *roe-like substance.
1888Goode Amer. Fishes 368 Between the seasons of ‘Fat Mullet’ and ‘*Roe Mullet’ there is an intermission of two or three weeks in the fishing.
1883Cent. Mag. Aug. 549/2 Another cook will prepare the *roe sauce to accompany the shad.
1884Harper's Mag. June 88/2 There was a great *roe-shad hanging by his gills.
1641S. Smith Herring Buss Trade 24 For what sort he will sell them [sc. herrings]..*roe-sicke, cleere or pure ware.
▪ III. roe3|rəʊ|
[Perh. a transf. use of roe2.]
(See quots.)
1850Chaloner & Fleming Mahogany Tree 57 Roe is that alternate streak or flake of light and shade running in the grain. 1920A. L. Howard Man. Timbers of World 144 Mahogany, Cuba... Many of the logs are beautifully figured or marked with wavy and curly grain, which is variously termed splash mottle, roe and mottle, fiddle⁓back, plum, snail, blister and cross-bar. 1938B. J. Rendle Commerc. Mahoganies 5 Mahogany is remarkably stable and does not shrink and swell so much as most woods. Irregularities of the grain produce a variety of figure—fiddleback, blister, stripe or roe, curl, mottle, etc. 1952J. Gloag Short Dict. Furnit. 396 Roe, a name given to the regular appearance of dark figures and spots in figured mahogany, which give a mottled effect, like a fish roe. A form of roe figure occurs in flowered, or East Indian, satinwood. 1968Canad. Antiques Coll. Aug. 24/2 Roe figure, this is alternate bands of twisted grain which produce stripes parallel to the length of the tree. When viewed in certain lights from either end the light and dark stripes are reversed. |