| 释义 |
protension|prəʊˈtɛnʃən|
Also (sense 3 b) protention.
[ad. late L. prōtensiōn-em, n. of action f. prōtendĕre to protend.]
The action or fact of protending.
1. A stretching or reaching forward. Also fig.
1681tr. Willis' Rem. Med. Wks. Vocab., Protension, a stretching forth at length. 1836–7Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. xli. (1870) II. 426 There could be no tendency, no protension of the mind to attain this object as an end. 1858J. Martineau Stud. Chr. (1873) 9 There are minds whose power is shed, if we may say so, in protension, precipitated forwards in narrow channels with impetuous torrent.
2. Extension in length; linear extent; length.
1704Norris Ideal World ii. vii. 359 The rays..will be of an unequal protension. 1890W. James Princ. Psychol. II. xx. 222 In the case of protension or mere farness it [sc. the neural process] is more complicated.
3. a. Extension in time; duration.
1852Sir W. Hamilton Discuss. App. i. (A.) (1853) 605 Time, Protension or protensive quantity, called likewise Duration, is a necessary condition of thought. 1935Philos. of Sci. II. 236 In a similar reaction against Wundtian atomism Külpe also added duration (protension) to the list.
b. (With spelling protention, after G. protention (E. Husserl 1922 in Jahrb. f. Philos. u. phänomenol. Forsch. I. iii. ii. §77.145), perh. infl. by retention 2 c.) In Phenomenology, extension of the consciousness of some present act or event into the future. Hence proˈtentional a. Cf. retention 2 c.
1931W. B Gibson tr. Husserl's Ideas iii. ii. 216 The same holds good, according to the naïvely natural view, in respect of anticipation.., or previsional expectation. At first there comes in the immediate ‘protention’ (as we might put it). Ibid. 237 Continuous changes in an opposite direction: ‘after’ corresponding to ‘before’, a protentional continuum corresponding to the retentional. 1941Philos. & Phenomenol. Res. II. 341 These expectations—Husserl calls them..‘protentions’—belong, of course, to our present acting. 1966A. Gurwitsch Phenomenol. & Psychol. ix. 149 The notions of protention and particularly of retention are at the center of the Husserlian theory concerning the experience of time. 1974D. Carr Phenomenol. & Probl. of Hist. iv. 103 It is the act conceived as the living present, with its horizons of retention and protention, which is ‘responsible’ for the original or primary givenness of anything. |