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▪ I. † argh, a. Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: 1 arg (WS. earg, earᵹ, earh), 2–3 erȝ, arȝ, 3 ærh, arh, eærȝh, eruh, erew, areu, arewe, areȝ, 3–5 arwe, 4– 5 argh, 5 arwhe, arow(e. Sc. 6– arch, 9 argh, ergh, erf, arrow; north Eng. 7– arf.
[com. Teut.; cogn. w. ON. argr (Sw. and Da. arg), OHG. ark, mod.G., Du. arg, OFris. arg, ergh:—OTeut. *arg-oz.]
1. Cowardly, pusillanimous, timid, fearful. (Still in north. dial.)
c885K. ælfred Bæda i. xii. (Bosw.) Se earᵹa féðe Brytta. 1205Lay. 4336 Þu eart swa eærȝh cniht. c1230Wohunge in Cott. Hom. 277 Arh ich was meself and wah. c1230Ancr. R. 288 He, kene þet was ær eruh. 1297R. Glouc. 457 His hert arwe as an hare. c1400Destr. Troy vi. 2540 If Elinus be argh, & ournes for ferde. 1440Promp. Parv. 14/2 Arwe, or ferefulle [1499 arwhe, arowe, or ferdfull], Timidus pavidus. a1450York Myst., Barbers L viij b, So am I arow to do þat dede. 1483Cath. Angl., Arghe, pusillanimis. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 621 King Duncane so arch ane man wes he. 1691Ray N. Countr. Words, Arf, afraid. a1800R. Jamieson Pop. Ball. I. 233 Fearful will it be to me, I'm erch, or a' be o'er. 1808Jamieson Sc. Dict., Arch, argh, ergh, erf. 1875Robinson Whitby Gloss. (E.D.S.), Arf or arfish, afraid, reluctant: ‘I felt arfish i' t' dark.’
2. Inert, sluggish, lazy, slow, loath, reluctant. (Still in north. dial.)
a1000Gnom. Vers. (Gr.) 188 Ful oft mon wearnum tihð earᵹne. c1200Moral Ode 16 Erȝe [v.r. erewe, arȝe, ærwe] we beoð to donne god. 1513Douglas æneis xi. vii. 119 The pepil haill grantis that thai wayt..bot thai ar arch to schaw. 1813D. Anderson Poems 116 (Jam.) An' rouges o' Jews, they are nae arrow Wi' tricks fu' sly. 1877Holderness Gl. (E.D.S.), Arf, Arfish, unwilling, indisposed, disinclined: ‘He's nobbut varry arfish te begin.’
†3. Vile, base, good-for-nothing. (So in Ger.) Obs.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xii. 39 Cneorisse yflo & árᵹ becon soecas.
†4. as n. ? Wretch, betrayer, enemy. Obs.
a1275Prov. Alfred 228 in O.E. Misc. 117 Gif þu hauist sorwe, ne say þu hit þin areȝe [v.r. arewe, erewe].
▪ II. † argh(e, v. Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: 1 arᵹian, earᵹian, 2 erȝian, 3–4 arȝe(n, 4–5 argh(e. Sc. 8–9 ergh.
[f. prec.]
1. To be disheartened, timid, fearful, loath; to hesitate from timidity. (Still in Sc.)
c1175Lamb. Hom. 13 Þet eower heorte erȝian swiðe and eower feond strongian. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 713 Þenne arȝed Abraham, & alle his mod chaunged. c1400Destr. Troy v. 1976 Antenor arghet with austerne wordes. 1728Ramsay Gentle Sheph. iii. iii, Dear Jenny, I wad speak..and yet I ergh.
†2. impers., me arghes: I am afraid. Obs.
c1340Alex. (Stevenson) 19 Me arȝes of my selfe, I am alle in aunter.
†3. trans. To daunt, frighten. Obs.
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 572 In þe anger of his ire þat arȝed monye. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 237 Ac þow þy-self..Hast arwed meny hardy men · that hadden wil to fyghte. c1400Sir Perc. 69 That arghede alle that ther ware, Bothe the lesse and the mare.
▪ III. argh, int.
Brit. |ɑː|, |ɑːx|, U.S. |ɑr(g)|, |ɑ|
Forms: 18– agh, 19– argh; Forms with one or more of the letters occurring two or more times are also attested.
[Imitative of a prolonged cry or groan. Compare ah int., ach int., ooh int.]
Expressing pain or fright; (also) expressing anguish, disappointment, or frustration.
1800M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent Gloss. p. xix, When they [sc. the bearers at a funeral] come near any houses, they begin to cry—Oh! Oh! Oh! Oh! Oh! Agh! Agh! 1919G. B. Shaw Great Catherine iv. 154 Agh! Ooh! Stop! Oh Lord! 1948Wanted by Police May (front cover), Aaagh! 1976Beano 12/2 Aarghh! A monster—throw it back! 1986J.M. Dillard Demons x. 181 Argh. What a hangover. 1992Smithsonian Jan. 42/2 (caption) Aghhh! A Sante Fe chilehead tries to will his right hand to reach for habanero remedy—tortillas and salt. 1996H. Fielding Bridget Jones's Diary (1997) 148 Aargh aargh. Have reached the age when men of my own age no longer find their contemporaries attractive. 2003Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 13 Apr. iii. 1/1 Aaargh, seven bogeys and three double bogeys. |