| 释义 |
▪ I. pollute, ppl. a. Obs. exc. poet.|pəˈl(j)uːt|
[ad. L. pollūt-us defiled, pa. pple. of polluĕre (see next).]
= polluted ppl. a. (Originally as pa. pple.)
c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. pr. iv. 12 (Camb. MS.) Þat I hadde polut and defowled my conscience with sacrilege. c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. II. 181 Tyme in his owne kynde may neþer be holy ne pollut. c1425Wyntoun Cron. v. ix. 1663 A woman þan of pollute fayme, Þat callit Melancia was be nayme. 1513Bradshaw St. Werburge i. 3473 Lest the..wiked myscreauntes With pollute handes..Shulde touche her body. 1629Milton Nativity 41 And on her naked shame, Pollute with sinfull blame, The Saintly Vail of Maiden white to throw. 1830W. Phillips Mt. Sinai iii. 327 With moral leprosy pollute of heart, And dead to righteousness. Ibid. iv. 150 The people..drank The wave pollute.
▪ II. pollute, v.|pəˈl(j)uːt|
Also 4–7 polute, 5 polewt.
[f. L. pollūt-, ppl. stem of polluĕre to soil, defile, f. *por (= pro) forth + luĕre to wash.]
1. trans. To render ceremonially or morally impure; to impair, violate, or destroy the purity or sanctity of; to profane, desecrate; to sully, corrupt.
[c1374: see pollute ppl. a.] 1382Wyclif Lev. xxi. 6 Holi thei shulen be to her God, and thei shulen not polute [1388 defoule, Vulg. polluent] his name. c1400Apol. Loll. 36 Wiþ swilk cursidnes þei polewt þe hous. 1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 66, I may not, I dare not pollute Gods heaunlye, with handling. 1633Prynne Histrio-M. i. iii. iii. 92 Grosse abominations..the very relation of which is sufficient to pollute the eares that heare them, the common aire that receives them. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xl. (1869) II. 466 Churches and altars were polluted by atrocious murders. 1857Buckle Civiliz. I. viii. 526 The clergy..urging him to exterminate the heretics, whose presence they thought polluted France.
2. a. To make physically impure, foul, or filthy; to dirty, stain, taint, befoul. spec. To contaminate (the environment, atmosphere, etc.) with harmful or objectionable substances. Also absol.
a1548Hall Chron., Edw. IV 223 Thei..with their proper bloud, embrued and polluted their awne handes. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iv. ii. 115 No drop of the bloud should fall into the water, least the same shuld therby be polluted. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. i. xxxv. (1674) 42 Cicero's divine and painfull labours..were polluted by flies and moths in every Book⁓binders shop. 1719Pope Iliad xix. 30 Shall flies and worms obscene pollute the dead? 1860–1F. Nightingale Nursing 20 Within the last few years, a large part of London was in the daily habit of using water polluted by the drainage of its sewers and water-closets. 1954Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) XI. 885/1 Poisons like arsenic, etc., are rarely present in natural waters unless polluted by trade wastes or agricultural washes. 1966Petroleum Handbk. (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) (ed. 5) 144/1 The absence of sulphur ensures that the products of combustion are non-corrosive..and do not pollute the atmosphere. 1973New Earth Catal. 59/3 Plant—don't pollute.
†b. pa. pple. Marked as if stained. Obs. rare.
1658Rowland Moufet's Theat. Ins. 972 The wings are long and blackish, and polluted with little black spots.
Hence poˈlluting vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1580H. Gifford Epist. Claudius Ptholomæus Wks. (1875) 35 Euery one holdes her [poverty] in contempt, filling her with..most spitefull pollutinges. 1599Marston Sco. Villanie i. iii. 183 Factors for lewdnes, Brokers for the deuill, Infect our soules with all polluting euill. 1609Downam Chr. Liberty 31 The contrarie to sanctifying, is polluting. 1819Shelley Prometh. Unb. i. 160 Her pining sons uplifted Their prostrate brows from the polluting dust. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 475 It saved the polluting of a long stretch of market road. |