| 释义 |
pinocytosis Biol.|ˌpɪnəʊ-, ˌpaɪnəʊsaɪˈtəʊsɪs|
[f. Gr. πίν-ειν to drink + -cyte + -osis, after phagocytosis.]
A process by which liquid is taken into a cell as a result of the invagination and pinching off of the cell surface so as to form small vesicles.
The word was first coined as F. pinocytose (G. Gabritschewsky 1894, in Ann. de l'Inst. Pasteur VIII. 682) in a more specialized sense (see quot. 1895). It was not widely used until after it was coined again in 1931, in the present sense.
1895Jrnl. R. Microsc. Soc. 216 The author [sc. G. Gabritschewsky]..suggests the probability that phagocytes are not only capable of seizing and assimilating solid bodies, but of imbibing and absorbing liquid substances, and of rendering them harmless to the organism. For this action the term pinocytosis is suggested.
1931W. H. Lewis in Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. XLIX. 17 Pinocytosis, drinking by cells; phagocytosis, eating by cells... The word ‘pinocytosis’, suggested by my colleague Prof. David M. Robinson, is derived from the Greek... By pinocytosis the cells are able to take in substances which cannot diffuse into them or be taken in by ordinary phagocytosis of semisolid particles. 1937― in Amer. Jrnl. Cancer XXIX. 666 Pinocytosis (drinking) by macrophages in tissue cultures is common. 1960Jrnl. Protozool. VII. 184/2 Pinocytosis is a very demanding process in terms of membrane formation. 1969[see endocytosis s.v. endo-]. 1977P. B. & J. S. Medawar Life Sci. xv. 124 Fibroblasts..have the power..to imbibe tiny little droplets of whatever medium they may be living in, known as pinocytosis.
Hence pinoˈcytic, ˌpinocyˈtotic adjs., of, pertaining to, or formed by pinocytosis.
1955Texas Rep. Biol. & Med. XIII. 475 This cell..has been termed a variant pinocytic cell. 1959Exper. Cell Res. XVIII. 71 The pinocytotic vacuole..was 7µ in diameter. 1964N. S. Cohn Elem. Cytol. iv. 68 The movement of fat particles in the intestinal villi appears to occur by pinocytic activity. 1974Jrnl. Cell Biol. LXIII 998/2 Modification of macromolecules by enhancing their positive charges..leads to a preferential pinocytic uptake. 1975Nature 17 Apr. 612/2 Each perineural epithelial cell contained numerous pinocytotic vesicles. |