| 释义 |
phonocentrism, n. Linguistics.|ˌfəʊnəʊˈsɛntrɪz(ə)m|
[ad. F. phonocentrisme (J. Derrida 1967, in De la Grammatologie 23): see *logocentrism n. and phono-.]
The tendency to value speech above writing in linguistic analysis; esp. the view (arising from the work of Ferdinand de Saussure) that the spoken language is the immediate realization of meaning.
1972C. Macann tr. J. Derrida in Jrnl. Brit. Soc. Phenomenol. May 197/2 One can already anticipate an identification of phonocentrism with the historic determination of the sense of being in general as presence. 1976G. C. Spivak in J. Derrida Of Grammatology p. lxviii, Derrida suggests that this rejection of writing as an appendage, a mere technique, and yet a menace built into speech—in effect, a scapegoat—is a symptom of a much broader tendency. He relates this phonocentrism to logocentrism—the belief that the first and last things are the Logos, the Word, the Divine Mind. 1982A. Jefferson in Jefferson & Robey Mod. Lit. Theory iv. 105 Logocentrism tends to manifest itself in extremely indirect ways. Notable examples occur in instances of what Derrida calls ‘phonocentrism’, and even Saussure was unable to avoid moments of phonocentricity. Phonocentrism consists in a privileging of speech over writing. 1990Raritan IX. iv. 30 A word so big and, by now, so prejudicial as ‘phonocentrism’ grotesquely magnifies the true image of voice in writing.
Also phonoˈcentric, phonoˈcentrist adjs., centred on speech; characterized by phonocentrism; phonocenˈtricity n. = *phonocentrism n. above.
1979PN Rev. No. 10. 39/2 It is clear now why Derrida places such importance on freeing the notion of ‘structure’ from Saussure's phonocentric approach. 1982Phonocentricity [see phonocentrism above]. 1982A. Jefferson in Jefferson & Robey Mod. Lit. Theory iv. 105 Derrida counters the temptation of phonocentrist thought by describing language in general as a kind of writing. |