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‖ pentathlon|pɛnˈtæθlɒn|
Also in Lat. form pentathlum. Pl. -a.
[a. Gr. πένταθλον, f. πέντε five + ἄθλον contest.]
a. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. An athletic contest consisting of five exercises (leaping, running, throwing the discus, throwing the spear, and wrestling), all performed on the same day and by the same athletes.
1706Phillips, Pentathlum. 1711Budgell Spect. No. 161 ⁋7 The Commonwealths of Greece; from whence the Romans afterwards borrowed their Pentathlum, which was composed of Running, Wrestling, Leaping, Throwing, and Boxing. 1776R. Chandler Trav. Greece iv. 15 Telamon and Peleus..challenged their half-brother Phocus to contend in the Pentathlum. 1852Grote Greece ii. lxxx. X. 437 The pentathlon, or quintuple contest, wherein the running match and the wrestling match came first in order. 1868W. Smith Dict. Gr. & Rom. Antiq. s.v., The pentathlon was introduced in the Olympic games in Ol. 18.
b. In modern times, a series of five athletic or sporting events imitative of the ancient pentathlon, spec. (a) (in full modern pentathlon) a competition consisting of fencing, shooting, swimming, riding, and cross-country running; (b) a competition for women, consisting of sprinting, hurdling, long jump, high jump, and putting the shot. Also attrib.
1905Olympic Games Athens 3 Pentathlum, consisting of the five following events: 1) Flat race one Olympic Stade..2) Broad jump..3) Throwing the discus..4) Hurling the javelin..5) Wrestling. 1912Olympic Games Stockholm 10/2 Modern pentathlon, duel-pistol shooting..swimming..fencing..riding..cross-country race. 1929F. A. M. Webster Athletics of To-day vii. 107 Eighty events were decided..including a pentathlon contest and several of the field events. 1932New Yorker 23 July 8/3 The Hungarian swimming and pentathlon teams arrived. 1948E. A. Bland Olympic Story xxii. 140 In 1912, when the Swedish Olympic Committee was deliberating upon the programme of events for the Vth Olympiad, they sought a test which would produce the best all-round sportsman in the world... The contest known as the Modern Pentathlon was the result. 1961C. Willock Death in Covert x. 189 An Olympic Pentathlon..[is] a kind of marathon in which the competitors run, ride, shoot and so on without a break. 1964M. Watman Encycl. Athletics 130/1 The pentathlon is a five-event test of all-round ability... The pentathlon has long been a most popular women's event, and was introduced into the Olympic schedule in 1964. 1970B. Tulloh World Athletics Handbk. vi. 99 With the pentathlon being omitted..the 1928 Games..reached much the same form for the men's events as it has today. 1976Gazette (Montreal) 19 July 0-8/4 Bromont—Thirteen riders of 47 scored a perfect 1,100 points on the modern pentathlon equestrian course. 1979Daily Tel. 2 Oct. 19/4 Pentathlon is a comparatively new sport for women. |