| 释义 |
peaceful, a.|ˈpiːsfʊl|
Forms: see peace n.
[f. peace n. + -ful.]
1. Disposed or inclined to peace; aiming at or making for peace; friendly, amicable, pacific. (Now rare, in this sense peaceable being usual.)
a1300E.E. Psalter cxix. [cxx.] 7 With þa þat pais hated ai, Was I paisfull. a1300Cursor M. 17646 Paisful bi þi cuming hider. c1400Apol. Loll. 107 Snyb he þe idul, solace hem of litul hert, and be pesful to all. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 283 b, Blessed be the peacefull, for they shall be called the chyldre of god. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, ii. vi. 31 Good fortune bids vs pause, And smooth the frownes of War, with peacefull lookes. 1667Milton P.L. x. 946 He..thus with peaceful words uprais'd her soon. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) IV. 125 The Armadillo..; a peaceful harmless creature.
2. Full of or characterized by peace; free from strife or commotion; undisturbed, untroubled, calm, tranquil, quiet. (Now the usual sense.)
a1340Hampole Psalter Prol. 3 Drouyd and stormy saules it bryngis in til clere and pesful lyf. c1580Sidney Ps. iv. vii, I in peace and peacefull blisse Will lay me down and take my rest. 1632Milton Penseroso 168 And may at last my weary age Find out the peaceful hermitage. 1697Dryden Eneid vii. 65 That rous'd the Tyrrhene realm..And peaceful Italy involv'd in arms. 1717Pope Eloisa 197 Ere such a soul regains its peaceful state. 1869Mrs. H. Wood Roland Yorke III. xi, His face looks as peaceful as if it were sainted.
3. Belonging to a time or state of peace.
c1586C'tess Pembroke Ps. lxxii. iii, During his rule..shall..peacefull plenty join with plenteous peace. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. iii. 105 Peacefull Commerce from diuidable shores. 1741Middleton Cicero I. i. 18 Those who applied themselves to the peacefull studies, and the management of civil affairs. 1863M. Howitt F. Bremer's Greece II. xiv. 109 An unarmed population, accustomed only to peaceful occupations.
4. a. Not violating or infringing peace; used esp. of methods for effecting purposes for which force, violence, or war, is an alternative or more obvious means.
1876G. Howell Handy-Bk. of Labour Laws (ed. 2) ii. 29 Peaceful picketing is no longer prohibited, for, although the Government refused..to legalise ‘peaceful persuasion’, yet it was distinctly declared that it was legal under the Act. 1902Engineering 28 Mar. 413/3 The methods of trade unions run within the line of the law, with the single exception of the form of intimidation known as ‘peaceful picketing’. 1903E. Grey in Hansard Commons 18 Feb. 245 Russia seems undoubtedly..to be carrying on a process of absorption in Persia, and it is being done by what, I think, a French writer has called peaceful penetration. 1906Act 6 Edw. VII c. 47 §2 marg., Peaceful picketing. 1909Westm. Gaz. 7 Aug. 7/2 English proposals for the peaceful penetration of China from Burma have varied considerably since 1831. 1916Q. Rev. Apr. 571 A regular system of ‘peaceful picketing’ was set up; and wounded heroes in mufti found white feathers thrust upon them by well-meaning females. 1930Economist 18 Jan. 122/2 If Canada has been subjected to peaceful penetration by the economic forces of the United States it is because [etc.]. 1935Discovery Nov. 320/1 It [sc. the spread of grasshoppers from Angará] is rather a matter of ‘peaceful penetration’, of infiltration, proceeding slowly and imperceptibly through the ages. 1950Chambers's Encycl. XIII. 726/1 The Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act..in effect conceded the right to strike and reinstated peaceful picketing in a modified form. 1961U.S. Peace Corps Fact Bk. 22 If it is decided to make a small shift which may be required from military aid or special assistance funds, in order to carry out the purposes of the Mutual Security Act through this new peaceful program, this will be a hopeful sign to the world. 1962N. S. Falcone Labor Law xi. 343 Peaceful picketing conducted at the premises of neutral employers was for the purpose of informing the public of a primary dispute and was not intended to bring about any work stoppage among the neutral employees.
b. peaceful coexistence: in the foreign policy of Soviet Russia, a concept of varying emphasis referring to relations with the capitalist West. Also transf. and fig.
In recent years peaceful coexistence has implied avoidance of nuclear confrontation. (Quot. 1920, cited from Carew Hunt A Guide to Communist Jargon (1957) 27, could not be verified as no copy of the newspaper appears to have survived.)
1920N.Y. Even. Jrnl. 18 Feb., [Interview with Lenin] Our plans in Asia? The same as in Europe: peaceful coexistence with the peoples, with the workers and peasants of all nations. 1952Times 2 Apr. 3/3 (heading) The invitations are..careful to emphasize the peaceful coexistence theme... The conference is based on the assumption..that mutually advantageous economic co⁓operation between Socialist and capitalist countries is quite possible. 1954Time 4 Oct. 32/1 Attlee's men replied with one of those ingenious compromises that make peaceful coexistence possible between the two wings of the Labor Party: a policy favoring arms and sovereignty for the Germans but also offering to ‘consider’ some more Big Three talks with the Russians. 1956R. Macaulay Towers of Trebizond vi. 62 Turks do not believe in peaceful co-existence with Russia, they never have, and Father Chantry-Pigg agrees with them. 1959Listener 26 Mar. 539/2 Both the Communist Party and the Church [in Poland] benefit immensely from the unprecedented type of peaceful coexistence they have worked out together. 1961Times 2 Jan. 8/3 Mr. Khrushchev,..at a New Year banquet.. in the Kremlin,..raised his glass and bade the whole company drink to peaceful coexistence. 1973Time 25 June 31/3 Articles have appeared..applauding Brezhnev's peaceful-coexistence policy. 1977Lancet 29 Oct. 903/2 Many microorganisms have been accused; so far, none have fulfilled Koch's postulates and some are known to live in peaceful coexistence with the healthy gut. |