| 释义 |
▪ I. paunch, n.1|pɔːn(t)ʃ, pɑːn(t)ʃ|
Forms: 4–6 panche, paunche, 4–8 panch, (5 pawnche, pownche), 6– paunch. Also Sc. and north. dial. 6 penche, painche, 8–9 pench, 9 pensch, painch.
[ME. a. ONF. panche = OF. pance, now panse = Pr. pansa, Cat. panxa, Sp. panza, Pg. pança, It. pancia:—Com. Rom. type *pantica, f. L. pantex, pantic-em paunch, bowels.]
1. The belly, abdomen; the stomach, as the receptacle of food (= belly n. 5).
Now, as said of the human subject, usually dyslogistic, and implying prominence, gluttony, etc.
1375Barbour Bruce ix. 398 Our lordis of france, that ay With gud morsellis farsis thair panch. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xiii. 87 He shal haue a penaunce in his paunche. 1486Bk. St. Albans E iij b, All thyng with in the wombe saue onli the gall The paunche also. 1548Latimer Ploughers (Arb.) 26 So troubeled wyth Lordelye lyuynge..pamperynge of theyr panches. 1583Leg. Bp. St. Androis Pref. 124 Packand thair penche lyk Epicurians. 1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. Introd., The lowest belly, commonly called Abdomen or the Paunch. 1777G. Forster Voy. round World II. 68 He..had a most portly paunch. 1871R. Ellis Catullus xxxix. 11 A frugal Umbrian body, Tuscan huge of paunch. 1871B. Taylor Faust (1875) I. xxii. 196 Spider's foot and paunch of toad.
fig.1582Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 84 Deadlye Charybdis..In to gut vpsouping three tymes thee flash water angrye, From paunch alsoe spuing toe the sky the plash hastlye receaued. 1596Nashe Saffron-Walden Wks. (Grosart) III. 163 Throughout the whole pawnch of his booke, hee is as infinite in commending her. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. i. Wks. 1856 I. 17 Straight chops a wave, and in his sliftred panch Downe fals our ship.
2. The first and largest stomach of a ruminant; the rumen.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 955 A rammes paunche. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. i. 94 In place of potis and sik seithing vesselis, the painches of ane ox or ane kow thay vset. 1715Cheyne Philos. Princ. Relig. i. (1716) 360 As in Beasts, the Panch, the Read, and the Feck. 1836–9Todd Cycl. Anat. II. 11/1 The..food..is received into the first stomach..which is termed the..paunch.
b. pl. Entrails, viscera. (Now Sc. and north.)
a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 172 b, The kyng in huntyng tyme hath slain iii. C. dere, and the garbage and paunches bee cast round about in euery quarter of the Parke. 1789Davidson Seasons, Spring 3 Himself wi' penches staw'd, he [an eagle] dights his neb.
c. esp. as used for food; tripe.
c1430Two Cookery-bks. 7 Trype de Motoun.—Take þe pownche of a chepe. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxxxii. 25 Panches, pudingis of Jok and Jame. 1665Ld. Fountainhall Jrnl. (1900) 79 We have eaten panches heir. 1724Ramsay Tea-t. Misc. (1733) I. 91 Well scraped paunches. 1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., Painches, tripe. 1827Lytton Pelham lxiii, I would sooner feed my poodle on paunch and liver.
3. Comb.: † paunch-bellied a., big-bellied, pot-bellied; † paunch-clout, the membrane enveloping the bowels, the omentum; † paunch-gut n., a big belly, a pot-belly; a. = paunch-bellied (also † paunch-gutted a.); paunch-kettle, the paunch of an animal used like a kettle to boil flesh in; † paunch-porer (tr. L. extispex), an augur who divined by inspecting the entrails of animals; so † paunch-poring; † paunch-pot, ? a pot of a bulging shape; paunch-swollen a., having a swollen paunch; paunch-wrapt a., wrapped in the paunch (in quot., in utero).
c1672Roxb. Ball. (1888) VI. 500 A *paunch-belly'd Hostiss. 1733Mortimer in Phil. Trans. XXXVIII. 179 She [female beaver] was very thick, paunch-bellied.
c1440Promp. Parv. 387/1 *Pawncheclowt, or trype. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 599/2 Omentum, anc⊇ a pauncheclout.
1683Kennett tr. Erasm. on Folly 17 O swinish *paunch-gut God (say they). 1742Jarvis Quix. ii. iii. xi. (1749) 247 All that paunch-gut and little carcase of thine.
1726Arbuthnot Diss. Dumpling (ed. 5) 6 These *Paunch-gutted Fellows.
1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. ix. 268 The Asiatic *paunch-kettles.
1656W. D. tr. Comenius' Gate Lat. Unl. §599. 183 Their Extispicium, or *panch-poring, where the extispex, or *panch-porer, did it by viewing the entrails of the sacrifices.
1600Will of Sir R. Bedingfield (Somerset Ho.), [The] parcell guilt *paunche pot given at her Christening.
1638–48G. Daniel Eclog iii. 156 Till *panch-swolne Bromius sleeps.
a1592Marlowe Ovid's Eleg. ii. xiv, She that her *paunch-wrapt child hath slain.
Hence ˈpaunchful, bellyful.
1824New Monthly Mag. X. 507 Four times can an active fellow Eat his paunchful in a day.
▪ II. paunch, panch, n.2 Naut.|pɔːn(t)ʃ, pɑːn(t)ʃ|
Also 8 pantch.
[app. the same word as prec., and paunce n.; in sense prob. derived from the latter.]
a. A thick strong mat, made of interlaced spun yarn or strands of rope, employed in various places on a ship to prevent chafing.
b. A wooden covering or shield on the fore side of a mast (rubbing paunch), to preserve it from chafing when the masts or spars are lowered or raised.
1626Capt. Smith Accid. Yng. Seamen 15 Paunches, and such like. 1627― Seaman's Gram. v. 25 That which we call a Panch, are broad clouts, wouen of Thrums and Sinnet together, to saue things from galling about the maine and fore yards at the ties, and also from the masts [etc.]. 1794Rigging & Seamanship I. 13 The front-fish, or paunch, is a long plank of fir, hollowed to the convexity of the mast, and fastened on the foreside of the mast over the iron hoops. 1848G. Biddlecombe Art Rigging 23 Panch, a covering of wood, or thick texture made of plaited ropeyarn, larger than a mat, to preserve the masts, &c., from chafing. 1882Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 9 Rubbing paunch, a batten up and down the forepart of a lower mast, to keep the lower yards clear of the hoops when going up or down.
c. Comb., as paunch-mat, paunch-piece (= b).
c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 16 Bowsprit, paunch piece, or gammoning fish. Ibid. 31 Describe a paunch mat and its use. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Paunch-mat, a thick and strong mat formed by interweaving sinnet or strands of rope as close as possible; it is fastened on the outside of the yards or rigging, to prevent their chafing.
▪ III. paunch, v.1 Now rare or dial., exc. in 2.|pɔːn(t)ʃ, pɑːn(t)ʃ|
Also 6–7 panch(e.
[app. f. paunch n.1 Palsgr. translates the English verb by a F. pancer which is not otherwise known; but Florio has It. panciare ‘to paunch or vnbowell’.]
1. trans. To stab or wound in the paunch; also loosely, to stab.
1530Palsgr. 652/1, I panche a man or a beest, I perysshe his guttes with a weapen, je pance. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. V 50 b, Other had..their bellies paunched. 1610Shakes. Temp. iii. ii. 98 Batter his skull, or paunch him with a stake. 1699Garth Dispens. v. (1706) 91 One Pass had paunch'd the huge hydropick Knight. 1819Keats K. Stephen i. ii. 42 He flung The heft away..It paunch'd the Earl of Chester's horse. 1848[see paunching below].
2. To cut open the paunch of (an animal) and take out the viscera; to disembowel, eviscerate.
1570Levins Manip. 22/35 To Panche, euiscerare. 1598Florio, Viscerare, to panche, or pull out the bowels. 1677N. Cox Gentl. Recreat. 80 Then he is to pounch [ed. 1721 paunch] him, rewarding the Hounds therewith. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 135 When you have paunched and cased your hare. 1884R. Jefferies Red Deer v. 99 When a stag is killed and paunched. 1906Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 681/2 The animals [sc. rabbits] have to be killed, bled, and paunched. 1952F. White Good Eng. Food ii. 111 One of the things I had to do before I was twenty was to paunch and skin a hare.
†3. To stuff the stomach with food; to fill the belly, to glut. (Also intr. for refl.) Obs.
1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. ii. 344 b, Now ye see hym ful paunched, as lyons are... And in deede the lyons are more gentle when their bealyes are well filled. 1597–8Bp. Hall Sat. ii. ii. 62 Rather..pale with learned cares, Than paunched with thy choyce of changed fares. 1612tr. Benvenuto's Passenger i. 139 If you did but see him..in what sort he vseth to glut and panch himselfe. 1635Quarles Embl. i. ii. (1718) 10 Now glutt'ny paunches.
4. To swallow hastily or greedily. rare.
1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe Wks. (Grosart) V. 279 The Fisherman..pauncht him vp at a mouthfull. 1892San Francisco Examiner 28 Aug., Paunching blobs and dollops of fat.
Hence ˈpaunching vbl. n.
1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Desolladura, paunching, Euisceratio. 1848Chambers Inform. for People I. 599/1 When..the [cow's] stomach [is] so much distended with the air, that there is danger of immediate suffocation or bursting—in these instances the puncture of the maw must be instantly performed, which is called paunching. 1892Pall Mall G. 24 Mar. 2/1 The least pleasant part of the luncheon hour is the paunching of the birds..which is often a disgusting evidence of the slaughter.
▪ IV. † paunch, v.2 Obs. rare.
[a. F. pancher, obs. form (16–17th c. in Littré and Cotgr.) of pencher to incline.]
intr. To incline, lean, have a penchant, physically or mentally.
1577F. de L'isle's Leg. G iv, They determined a while to let her paunch some times one way, and some times another, curiously watching to what ende her behauiours would come. 1595W. Hubbocke Apol. Infants Unbapt. 14 The ground and foundation is weeake: their building also vpon it, pauncheth. |