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▪ I. talc, n.|tælk|
Also 6–7 talke, 7–8 talck, 7–9 talk.
[a. F. talc (Palissy a 1590) or ad. med.L. talcum, = Pg., It. talco, Sp. talco, talque, ad. Arab. ṭalq, mentioned a.d. 869 by Jahiz of Bassora, and by Serapion the elder (Syriac and Arabic), Rhazi, Avicenna, Ibn-el-Beithar † 1248, etc. Held by Arabic scholars to be from Persian, where the form is talk. So Ger., Da., Sw. talk; Du. talk, talksteen.
In med.L., Matth. Silvaticus Pandectarum Opus, c 1317, has talk; later writers have talcum; Matthiolus Comment. in Dioscoridem, 1549, has talchus; Agricola, 1546, talk.]
A name applied by the Arabs and mediæval writers to various transparent, translucent, or shining minerals, as talc proper, mica, selenite, etc. Now restricted to the following:
1. a. In popular and commercial use, (loosely) applied to (or including) mica or Muscovy glass.
1601Holland Pliny xxi. xiv. (1634) II. 95 Many haue made them [bee-hives] of Talc [orig. speculari lapide], which is a kind of transparent glasse stone, because they would see through them how the Bees do worke and labor within. 1644Digby Nat. Bodies xxviii. 252 The gallery windows of my cabin..were of light moscovia glasse or talke. 1780Coxe Russ. Disc. 216 The windows..on account of the dearness of glass and Russian talk are generally of paper. 1866Livingstone Last Jrnls. (1873) I. vi. 157 Granite with large flakes of talc. 1867J. Hogg Microsc. i. i. 7 He fitted them on a little plate of talc, or thin-blown glass.
b. With a and pl. A plate of mica used as a microscopic slide.
1761Stiles in Phil. Trans. LV. 254 Many of the rings were broke..by some confinement of the talks. Ibid. 255 A third observation was made..of some blood dropped upon a single talk. c1790J. Imison Sch. Art i. 223 'Tis proper to have some sliders furnished with talcs.
2. Min.
a. A hydrated silicate of magnesium, usually consisting of broad flat laminæ or plates, white, apple-green, or yellow, having a greasy feel, and shining lustre, translucent, and in thin plates often transparent; it exists in three varieties—foliated, massive (steatite or soapstone), and indurated (talc slate or schist).
1610B. Jonson Alch. ii. v, With the calce of egge-shels, White marble, talck. 1668Wilkins Real Char. 62 Fissil, into Flakes,..Selenite, Muscovia glass, Isingglass, Sparr, Talc. 1681Grew Musæum iii. i. v. 308 A piece thus figur'd, I call A Crystal of Talk. 1770Cook Voy. round World ii. vi. (1773) 401 Some particular place where they [the Indians] got the green talc or stone of which they make their ornaments and tools. 1811Pinkerton Petralogy I. 177 The mica may pass into talc or steatite, or siderite, as on the summit of Mont Blanc. 1862Dana Man. Geol. §66. 61 Talc.—Infoliated masses; folia flexible but not elastic; also compact, massive, very soft, and having a greasy feel. 1865Bristow Figuier's World bef. the Deluge ii. 38 The Serpentine rocks are a sort of compact talc. 1867Brande & Cox Dict. Sci., etc., s.v., Talc forms the basis of the rouge used by ladies; it is also employed by tailors for marking lines on cloth, and in a powdered state for making gloves and boots slip on easily, and to diminish the friction of machinery.
b. A species or variety of talc, or a mineral so called.
1794Sullivan View Nat. II. 93 We see crystals,..even metals, talks and asbestos, growing from stony substances. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 460 Talks of various kinds, white, brown, and chocolate coloured crystals.
†c. oil of talc, a preparation formerly used as a cosmetic, reputed to be obtained from talc. Obs.
1582J. Hester Secr. Phiorav. iii. lxxxiii. 110 If this [verjuice] bee mixed with Oile of Talke, it will restore the sight vnto those that are almost blinde. 1610B. Jonson Alch. iii. ii, You restore [her face] With the oyle of Talck. 1639J. Mayne City Match ii. i. in Hazl. Dodsley XIII. 225 Who Do verily ascribe the German War..to curling, False teeth, and oil of talc. [1678Phillips (ed. 4), Talc, a squamous, white, and lucid stone, of which is made an oil, with which Women that are curious to preserve their beauty use to wash their faces.] 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., Some chymists..pretend to draw from it that precious oil..called Oil of Talc, which is supposed a wonderful cosmetic.
d. [ellipt. for talcum powder s.v. talcum.] Talcum powder, esp. as a cosmetic and toilet preparation. colloq.
1938Vogue Beauty Bk. 16 Feb. 24/2 Sifter top talc, 3 at 1s. 6d. 1949Heiress Aug. 82 (Advt.), Fragrant talc cool-silky-perfumed by the master Goya. 1966P. O'Donnell Sabre-Tooth vii. 105 Two small bars of soap, a tin of talc, and some body mist. 1977D. Cory Bennett ii. 37 Hunter contrived to take a shower..to apply to himself..a dusting of powdered talc.
3. attrib. and Comb., as (from 2) talc crystal, talc earth, talc rock, talc stone; talc-like adj.; esp. in names of mineral substances consisting partly of talc or containing magnesia, as talc-alum, talc-apatite, talc-chlorite, talc-garnet, talc-gneiss, talc-iron-ore, talc-ironstone, talc-spar, talc-steatite; talc powder, powdered talc, talcum powder: see talcum; talc schist, talc slate, a schistose rock consisting largely of talc; (from 1) talc light, a window glazed with mica, or a lantern with mica instead of glass; so talc-windowed.
1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 656 *Talc-alum, a term sometimes applied to magnesio-aluminic sulphate.
Ibid., *Talc-apatite, a variety of apatite containing magnesia.
Ibid., *Talc-chlorite, syn. with Clinochlore.
1681Grew Musæum iii. i. v. 310 A Diamond-square, i.e. with unequal Angles, and equal sides; whereas in a *Talk-Crystal, both are unequal.
1861H. W. Bristow Gloss. Mineral., *Talc earth, Native.
1868Watts Dict. Chem. V. 656 *Talc-garnet, magnesian garnet from Arendal in Norway.
Ibid., *Talc-iron-ore, Magnesian Iron-ore,..an iron-ore..consisting..of ferrous oxide with much magnesia.
Ibid., *Talc-ironstone, Breithaupt's name for a magnetic iron-ore from Sparta in New Jersey.
1808Pike Sources Mississ. iii. 207 In one or two houses there were *talc lights.
1866Blackmore Cradock Nowell li, The rim of dazzled vision whitened to a *talc-like glimmer.
1895Syd. Soc. Lex. s.v. Powder, *Talc powder.
1681Grew Musæum iii. i. v. 309 A lump of the *Talk-Rock near Spiral, in the upper Carinthia.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 747 It is..among the oldest *talc-schists and clay slates, that it usually occurs. 1866Lawrence tr. Cotta's Rocks Class. (1878) 244 Talc-schist is almost always stratified, and forms alternating beds with other crystalline schists.
1832Macgillivray tr. Humboldt's Trav. xxvi. (1836) 392 A primitive clay-slate passing into *talc-slate. 1834–5J. Phillips Geol. in Encycl. Metrop. VI. 560/2 Gneiss rocks..include among them many gradations, chlorite slate, talc slate, hornblende slate [etc.].
1681Grew Musæum iii. i. v. 309 A Green *Talk-Spar..brittle as Glass.
1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) IV. 407 A kind of yellow green and whitish *talc-stone dug about Bern.
1888Lees & Clutterbuck B.C. 1887 xix. (1892) 206 An evil-smelling, *talc-windowed American stove.
▪ II. talc, v.
Pa. tense and pple. talcked (also talced).
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To treat with talc; to coat (a photographic plate) with talc; to dust (the skin) with talcum powder. Hence talced |tælkt| ppl. a.
1888Engineer LXVI. 334 A glass plate is first cleaned, talced, and collodionized. 1891Anthony's Photogr. Bull. IV. 274 If the wet prints be squeegeed down upon talced glass, a glossy enamelled surface is obtained. 1976M. Nelson Crusoe Test iii. 40 She sprayed and talced her body. 1976L. Deighton Twinkle, twinkle, Little Spy xvii. 175 His..face talced like a..cottage-loaf. |