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‖ paraphernalia, n. pl.|pærəfəˈneɪlɪə|
[med.L., neuter pl. of paraphernālis (see prec.), short for paraphernālia bona, paraphernal goods.]
1. Law. Those articles of personal property which the law allows a married woman to keep and, to a certain extent, deal with as her own.
The word parapherna was used by the Roman jurists to indicate all property which a married woman sui juris held apart from her dos (dower). Over such property the husband could exercise no rights without his wife's consent. In most modern systems of law, based on the Roman, paraphernalia bona (in Fr. biens paraphernaux) means much the same thing, but in English and Scottish Common law, under which all personal or movable property of a wife vested ipso jure in the husband, the paraphernalia became restricted to such purely personal belongings of a wife as dress, jewels, and the like. These latter were regarded as, in a sense, appropriated to the wife, and on the husband's death they were not treated as part of his succession, and the right of a trustee over them, in the event of the husband's bankruptcy, was restricted. But in neither England nor Scotland did paraphernalia strictly include articles in the nature of household furniture, even though these had been marriage presents to the wife. The effect of the ‘Married Women's Property Acts’ of 1870, etc., was to deprive the term of all significance in English and Scottish legal practice.
[1478–9Year-bk. 18 Edw. IV 11 b, Auxy de son apparaile quel est appel en nostr ley paraphonalia de ceo per lagreement do son baron el poet faire testament. tr. (Digby, Real Prop. 307) As to her apparel, which is called in our law paraphernalia, of this by agreement with her husband she can make a will.] 1651W. Sheppard Faithf. Counsellor (1653) 122 The word Paraphonalia is used in our Law, but in the Civil Law the thing is said to be Paraphernalia. 1656–74Blount, Paraphonalia. [So 1658–78 Phillips.] 1718Macclesfield in Ld. Campbell Chancellors (1857) VI. cxxii. 25 Paraphernalia are not devisable by the husband to the wife. 1728Vanbr. & Cib. Prov. Husb. To Rdr., The Ornaments she herself provided..seem'd in all Respects the Paraphonalia of a Woman of Quality. 1766Blackstone Comm. II. xxix. 435–6. 1774 Mrs. Delany Lett., to B. Granville in Life & Corr. Ser. ii. II. 33 The law restored them to her as her own paraphanalia. 1845Stephen Comm. Laws Eng. (1874) II. 266. 1876 Digby Real Prop. vi. 307 note.
2. Personal belongings, esp. articles of adornment or attire, trappings; also, the articles that compose an apparatus, outfit, or equipment; the mechanical accessories of any function or complex scheme; appointments or appurtenances in general.
1736Fielding Pasquin iv. Wks. 1882 X. 176 [Thunder and lightning] are indeed properly the paraphernalia of a ghost [on the stage]. 1746Brit. Mag. 257 A Lady whose Paraphanalia fill'd up three Fourths of the Breadth of the principal Walk. 1791‘G. Gambado’ Ann. Horsem. iii. (1809) 78 Bridles, saddles, and other equestrian paraphernalia. 1809‘M. Markwell’ Advice to Sportsmen title-p., Hints in the Choice of Guns, Dogs, and Sporting Paraphernalia. 1862Trollope Orley F. xiii. 101 The paraphernalia of justice,—the judge, and the jury, and the lawyers. 1882A. W. Ward Dickens ii. 26 Dickens, though a temperate man, loved the paraphernalia of good cheer.
b. as collective sing.
1788Disinterested Love I. 14 My paraphernalia is more complete. 1822Galt Provost xli. (1868) 120. 1845 Disraeli Sybil iii. v, A whole paraphernalia of plums. 1882O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. 147 A ponderous paraphernalia is a concomitant of respectability.
Hence parapherˈnalian a. = paraphernal.
1876Westm. Rev. No. 98. 337 The Italian law, for the very reason that it regards paraphernalian of more advantage to a wife than dotal property, seizes every opportunity of construing doubts in her favour. |