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▪ I. pannier, n.1|ˈpænɪə(r)|
Forms: 4–7 panyer, 4– panier, 6 pannyer, 6– pannier, (also 4 panyar, payngnier, 4–5 paner, panyȝer, 5 panere, -yere, -ȝer(e, -ȝar, -yher, Sc. panȝell, 6 paniar, 7 panniar, -ard, 7–8 panyard, -erd).
[ME. panier, a. F. panier (in 15th c. rarely pannier) = Pr. panier, Cat. paner, It. paniere:—L. pānāri-um bread-basket, f. pān-is bread: see -arium.]
1. a. A basket; esp. one of considerable size for carrying provisions, fish, or other commodities; in later use mostly restricted to those carried by a beast of burden (usually in pairs, one on each side, slung across the back), or on the shoulders of a man or woman.
c1300Havelok 760 Gode paniers dede he make..to beren fish inne. c1358Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 562, j par. de Panyars empt. apud London. c1384Chaucer H. Fame iii. 849 Or maken of these [twigs] panyers. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 21050 Vp-on hyr hed a gret paner. c1440Gesta Rom. i. xc. 414 (Add. MS.) All thofe I solde the þe fyshe, I solde the not the panyere. 1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lii. 511 The frayle Rushe..they vse to make figge frayles and paniers therwithall. 1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 448 (R.) Baskets made like bakers panniers. 1600Ibid. (1810) III. 389 Little Paniers made of Palme leaves. a1656Ussher Ann. vi. (1658) 272 Beasts of..carriage, some for pack⁓saddles, and some for panniards. 1727Gay Fables i. xxxvii. 21 Betwixt her swagging panniers' load A farmer's wife to market rode. 1859Thackeray Virgin. xxii, A costermonger with his donkey and a pannier of cabbage. 1886Hall Caine Son of Hagar (1887) I. i. i. 21 Mounted on a pony that carried its owner on a saddle immediately below its neck, and a pair of panniers just above its tail.
b. The amount contained by a pannier.
1714Fr. Bk. Rates 43 Glass in Metal per Cart-load, containing 4 Panniers. 1880Disraeli Endym. I. xi. 89 The gardener's wife..threw..a pannier of cones upon the logs.
c. A covered basket for holding surgical instruments and medicines for a military ambulance.
(By a curious blunder this was explained by the Secretary at War in the House of Commons on 25 July, 1854, as a horse litter or ambulance for the transport of the sick or wounded, and no one in the House knew any better. The error is repeated in Kinglake's Crimea.)
1854Sidney Herbert in Hansard CXXXV. 719 Almost the first thing upon which my eye glanced was forty pair of panniers, for the conveyance of the sick. [Cf. quot. 1895.] 1880Kinglake Crimea VI. ii. 7 He was carried in the invalid's pannier. Ibid. vi. 144 The cart or pannier used in transferring him to some other kind of hospital. 1895Sir E. Wood Crimea in 1854 & 1894, 11, I suppose it would be difficult now to find any one in the House of Commons, who could mistake a medical pannier, i.e. a covered basket for holding surgical instruments and drugs, for an ambulance.
†2. Arch. = corbeil 2. Obs. [Littré has (Panier 14) ‘Ornement d'architecture plus étroit et plus haut que la corbeille, portant des fleurs et des fruits’. The Eng. works here cited erroneously confuse corbeil with ]
1781–6Rees Chambers' Cycl., Pannier, in Architecture. See Corbel. [Ibid., Corbel, in Architecture, the representation of a basket.] 1842–76Gwilt Archit. (ed. 7) Gloss., Pannier, the same as Corbel. [So Webster 1864 and mod. Dicts., all confusing corbeil with corbel.]
3. (See quot.)
1875Knight Dict. Mech., Pannier..(Hydraulic Engineering), a basket or gabion of wicker-work containing gravel or earth,..used in forming a basis for earthy material in the construction of dikes or banks.
4. A basket-carriage. rare.
1880‘Ouida’ Moths xvii. 199 Vere, with her husband, drove in the panier, with four white ponies.
5. A frame of whalebone, wire, or other material, used to distend the skirt of a woman's dress at the hips. [F. panier (Littré).] erron. A bunched up part of a skirt forming a protuberance behind.
1869Punch 31 July 33/2 The singular excrescences which are worn now on the back are spoken of as ‘paniers’. 1877‘Ouida’ Puck xxxi. 390 Chignons and co-respondents, plunging and panniers, Americanism and cocotteism. 1902Daily Chron. 11 Jan. 8/3 Paniers are among the very latest dress importations received in London. They..have been used on a gown of mahogany brown velvet in the form of a tunic, opened in front to show a petticoat, with sides sweeping into a train at the back.
6. attrib. and Comb., as pannier-bearer, pannier-maker, pannier-rush, pannier-shaped adj.; pannier bag, a bag or similar container (usu. one of a pair) placed above or to the side of the rear wheel of a bicycle or motor cycle; also ellipt.; † pannier-hilt = basket-hilt; pannier pocket, a large pocket attached to the side of a skirt or dress; pannier tank, a type of small steam locomotive which has a water tank on each side of the boiler. Also pannierman.
1939–40Army & Navy Stores Catal. 783/3 Cycle accessories..pannier bags and carriers. 1959I. Jefferies Thirteen Days (1961) i. 9, I was forced to pull off the road... I had a bottle of cold beer..in the pannier. Ibid. xi. 170, I was taking the letters out of the pannier bag when the phone rang. 1975J. Wood North Kill x. 139 The speaker kicked his bike into life... The others were storing their cleaning materials into side pannier bags. 1976Times 27 Aug. 12/8 The world's most expensive bicycle... For nearly {pstlg}600 you get neither mudguards nor pannier bags, and not even a rear reflector.
1451Acc. in Sharp Cov. Myst. (1825) 206 Item, þe panȝerberrer..ijd.
1641S. Smith Herring Buss Trade 19 Fresh or Pannier Herring.
1633B. Jonson Tale Tub ii. i, Your dun, rusty, Pannier-hilt poniard.
1472Presentmts. of Juries in Surtees Misc. (1888) 25 Oone panyermaker houses & harbers suspect persones in his hous.
1922Joyce Ulysses 501 Those pannier pockets of the skirt..are devised to suggest bunchiness of the hip. 1973Times 11 Dec. 13/3 Bill's new skirt with its slung pannier pockets is pretty.
1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lii. 511 The frayle Rushe or panier Rushe.
1828Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (ed. 2) III. xxx. 229 The larva..constructs a pannier-shaped cocoon of the parenchyma of leaves.
1949C. J. Allen Locomotive Pract. & Performance 20th Cent. vi. 65 Shunting on all railways is entrusted in large measure to small 0–6–0 tanks (pannier tanks on the Western Region). 1950H. C. Webster Railways for All ix. 83 Frequently such locomotives carry the water in tanks fitted on top of the boiler and are therefore termed ‘saddle tanks’. Others carry the water in two tanks secured high up along the boiler sides, and these are known as ‘pannier tanks’. 1957Railway Mag. Nov. 751/2 Today 0–6–0 pannier-tanks usually deal with the traffic. 1970Ibid. Oct. 549 (caption) Wellington to Much Wenlock afternoon passenger train..headed by 0–6–0 pannier-tank No. 7754. 1973Country Life 8 Mar. 593 A type peculiar to the GWR—the pannier tank..these modest 0–6–0 engines, which carried their water in ‘panniers’ at either side of the boiler.
▪ II. pannier, n.2|ˈpænɪə(r)|
[See below.]
The name by which the robed waiters at table are known in the Inner Temple.
1823Crabb Technol. Dict., Pannier or Pannier-man, a name..now commonly applied to all the domestics who wait in the hall at the time of dinner. 1859F. Brandt Frank M. viii. 107 The most awkward of waiters (called according to custom pannyers; scilicet pannifers, or bread⁓bearers). 1861Illustr. Lond. News 9 Nov. 481/1 The Inner Temple Hall waiters are called panniers, from the pannarii who attended the Knights Templars[!]. 1903F. A. Inderwick Letter to Editor, The term ‘pannier’ during the whole of my time, now extending over 45 years, has been used as meaning ‘waiter’, and applied to the attendants of the inn waiting at meals... I have not found the term used anywhere officially, but it has apparently long been employed by members of the inn. 1903T. F. Howell Let., As no new ‘panniers’ are now appointed, the name will drop out of use. [Note. The name pannier is merely colloquial, and does not occur in the Records. It may have originated or been derived in some way from that of the pannierman, but it is not identical with that word, as erroneously assumed by Crabbe (followed by later dictionaries); still less is it, as sometimes stated, the source of that word. There is no evidence to connect it with L. pānārius (bread-seller) or pannārius (cloth-seller), as conjectured by some.] ▪ III. ˈpannier, v. rare.
[f. pannier n.1]
trans. a. To furnish with a pannier or panniers. b. To place in, or as in, a pannier.
1596Nashe Saffron Walden 146 He hath so pannyerd and drest it that it seemes a new thing. 1804C. Smith Conversations, etc. II. 190 Panier'd in shells, or bound with silver strings Of silken Pinna. |