| 释义 |
▪ I. package, n.|ˈpækɪdʒ|
Also 7 paccage.
[f. pack v.1 + -age.]
1. The packing of goods, etc.; the mode in which goods are packed; † spec. the privilege formerly held by the City of London of packing cloth and other goods exported by aliens or denizens (obs.).
1540in Proc. Privy Council (1837) VII. 48 Certain leade..was stayed at London by the packer for lack of payment of package money. 1611Cotgr., Amballage, package. 16402nd Charter Chas. I to London (cf. Luffman Charters 1793), Officium Sarcinacionis sive Paccacionis, Anglice Paccage, omnium Pannorum [etc.]. [Confirmation of Charter 18 Edw. IV (1478) which reads: Officia sive occupaciones paccacionis omnimodorum Pannorum, etc.] 1691House of Lords MSS. (1892) 299 The offices and duties of Bailliage, Paccage, Scavage, Portage. 1748Anson's Voy. ii. vii. 209 The whole was a very extraordinary piece of false package; and..there was concealed amongst the cotton, in every jar, a considerable quantity of double doubloons and dollars. 1800Colquhoun Comm. Thames xi. 332 The privileges of the Package of Cloths and certain other outward-bound Goods of Foreign Merchants, Denizens, or Aliens..are confirmed to the City by Charter of..16 Charles I. 1849–52Todd Cycl. Anat. IV. 1127/2 Artificial arrangement..contributing to facilitate their package.
2.
†a. The whole or mass of things packed together; a cargo. Obs.
1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag., Penalties & Forf. 7 If any..Person taking Charge of the Ship, shall permit any sort of the Package therein to be opened. 1802Paley Nat. Theol. xi. ii. §7. 209 The spleen may be merely a stuffing, a soft cushion to fill up a vacancy or hollow, which unless occupied, would leave the package loose and unsteady.
b. fig. (See quots.) slang.
1933Sun (Baltimore) 17 Aug. 8/6 The ‘package’, as the kidnapped victim is called, is rushed across the State line and delivered to the ‘keepers’. 1935A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 85/1 Package, the kidnaped victim. 1945L. Shelly Jive Talk Dict. 15/2 Package, a girl. 1960Wentworth & Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang 371/1 Package, an attractive, usu. small and neat, girl or young woman. 1963Listener 4 Apr. 585/1 A ‘package’ was criminal jargon for a dead body with three or more bullets placed in a most efficient manner at the base of the skull.
3. (The chief current sense.)
a. A bundle of things packed up, whether in a box or other receptacle, or merely compactly tied up; esp. such a bundle of small or moderate size, as an item of luggage; a packet, parcel.
1722De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 328 Cases, packages, and bales of European goods. 1810Crabbe Borough i. 76 Package, and parcel, hogs-head, chest, and case. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville II. 24 Their innumerable horses,..some burthened with packages, others following in droves. 1897Gen. H. Porter in Century Mag. Jan. 351 At noon a package of despatches..reached head quarters.
b. transf. and fig. orig. U.S. A combination or collection of interdependent or related abstract entities. (Cf. parcel n. 7 b.) Hence attrib., esp. (a) of negotiations, as package deal, a transaction or proposal agreed to as a whole, the less favourable items as well as the more favourable; so package offer, package proposal, etc.; (b) of holidays, tours, etc., one in which all arrangements are the responsibility of agents, (c) of a series of acts in a vaudeville show, on television, etc. (For a considerable body of further evidence see Amer. Speech May 1958, 73 ff.)
Dict. Americanisms has an 1846 quot. for package ticket in the sense ‘one entitling the holder to a specified number of journeys’.
1931Social Sci. Abstr. 15838 Insurance in a ‘package’... The exact size of the ‘package’ offered to any employee depends upon age, sex, and length of service. 1948Investor's Reader 26 May 9 Often units of preferred and common shares are tied together in one big economy package which offers two for the price of one. 1951W. F. Buckley God & Man at Yale 40 This report is primarily a highly controversial package of political and economic ideas. 1952N.Y. Herald Tribune 9 Apr. 26/7 On this basis the [steel] industry is confronted not with a package [sc. the wage recommendations of the Wage Stabilization Board] costing 29.8 cents an hour, but one that will cost 59.6 cents. 1953in Amer. Speech (1958) XXXIII. Suppl. 74 Eventually the agency offers a package—a violinist, a pianist, a singer, a quartet and perhaps a small string orchestra. 1958Economist 8 Mar. 849/1 The [U.S.] Administration is thinking of proposing a simplified ‘package’ [for summit talks]. 1959Observer 26 Apr. 6/2 The package would link the future of Berlin with a settlement of the German problem and European security. 1962M. McLuhan Gutenberg Galaxy 128 (heading) The camera obscura anticipated Hollywood in turning the spectacle of the external world into a consumer commodity or package. 1965Melody Maker 25 Sept. 20 Few fans will turn out every week for expensive concerts. Yet, in the past, some towns have had two or even three big packages in their area in one week. 1966Listener 3 Mar. 300/2 It was the orthodox deflationary package that was to be expected in an off-year for the British balance of payments. 1967M. McLuhan Medium is Massage 22 The mass audience..is..merely given packages of passive entertainment. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. B3/3 Although the Canadian union gained the greatest economic package in its 30-year history from the company the day before, hundreds of workers were reluctant to return to work. 1969L. G. Arthur in A. E. Wilkerson Rights of Children (1973) 132 The great advancement of the juvenile courts is that they can be imaginative and flexible: that they can design a package of dispositions to fit the needs of a particular child. 1969Listener 2 Jan. 31/2 You can arrange as part of your package to hire a car. 1970Daily Tel. 3 Mar. 2/1 The Hillman Minx de Luxe model will also cease to be available, but a ‘comfort’ package of carpets and central console will be available for the Minx. 1972Guardian 25 Mar. 1/1 Northern Ireland's Parliament at Stormont is to be prorogued for a year under the peace package of Ulster announced in the Commons yesterday. 1972Times 16 Aug. 1/4 National bargaining on the unions' package claim... The whole package amounted to 40 per cent... Union officials at local level will now be able to pursue those parts of the package that have not been met. 1975J. De Bres tr. Mandel's Late Capitalism xi. 358 The underdeveloped country sends its entire export package to the imperialist country. 1977Time 17 Jan. 17/1 The Carter package offers something to just about everybody. 1977‘A. Stuart’ Snap Judgement 192 The tired tanned look of tourists at the end of a two-week package.
attrib. (a)1951N.Y. Herald Tribune 14 Dec., President Truman in effect wrapped up the whole subject of creeping corruption in his administration..into one package policy which he laid before the nation. 1952Ibid. 4 Mar. 1/8 (headline) State to offer city ‘Package’ Aid Plan. Ibid., The Dewey [State] administration was reported ready tonight to offer New York City a ‘package’ solution for the city budget crisis. 1952N.Y. Times 9 Mar. 15/1 The plan for West German sovereignty was tied up in a ‘package deal’ with the plan for West Germany's military and financial contribution to Western defense. 1952N.Y. Herald Tribune 19 May 14/3 The ensuing battle for diplomatic advantage..seemed pretty well played out by the end of April, when the United Nations Command made up its ‘package’ offer of settlement. 1955Times 13 May 8/4 An attempt at some sort of ‘package deal’, whereby a disarmament settlement is made dependent on the solution of other world problems. 1963Ann. Reg. 1962 247 The Chancellor..criticized the American suggestion for a ‘package deal’ with Moscow. 1964M. McLuhan Understanding Media (1967) ii. xxxi. 334 He tends instead to accept the full image as a package deal. 1967Listener 20 July 74/2 In the peculiarly modern field of mass productive factory design, the so-called package-dealer holds sway, with his offer of a complete design-and-build service. 1972New Building Oct. 11/3 Fully conscious of the wastefulness of normal tendering methods, Simonbuild consider their package deal system the only sensible and economic approach for the needs of today. 1972Wodehouse Pearls, Girls & Monty Bodkin iii. 41 This step-daughter who had come to him as part of the package deal when he and Grayce were joined in holy wedlock. 1973I. M. Sinclair Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties v. 141 But the ‘package’ proposal did not envisage any stage of compulsory arbitration or judicial settlement, except in relation to the jus cogens articles. 1976Economist 16 Oct. 73/3 It now says that what Mr Smith accepted in his September 24th broadcast was not—as he says he was told it was—a package deal that had been firmly agreed upon with Mr Kissinger by Britain and the African presidents; it was merely a set of ‘proposals’.
(b)1952N.Y. Herald Tribune 14 Apr. 6 (Advt.), Unique, new, all-expense fishing ‘package’ trips. 1952N.Y. World-Telegram & Sun 29 Apr. 25/1 Eastern Air Lines has mapped out an ambitious schedule of package vacations. 1958New Statesman 11 Oct. 502/2 The great increase in British visitors, however, has been in the less expensive areas, and this is reflected in the range of ‘package’ tours offered by the travel agencies. 1960News Chron. 11 Apr. 9/4 Pony trekking..is probably the most popular of all the package-holidays. 1964M. McLuhan Understanding Media (1967) ii. xx. 212 They can have..Berlin or Venice in a package tour. 1967Spectator 1 Dec. 699/3 Cut-price package trips [are] practically keeping the international airlines going during the slack season. 1971Daily Tel. 9 Jan. 18/3 Moscow..is one place where the package tourist scores heavily over the independent tourist. 1973J. Symons Plot against Roger Rider ii. 45 Are they going to be stranded in a foreign city?.. Reassured, the package tourists sink into their seats. 1976A. Grey Bulgarian Exclusive xiv. 99 A large Russian package tour group. 1976Field 18 Nov. 980/2 We read of the pilgrimages to Eton..and the crowds who flocked there—‘those package tourists of medieval times’. 1977Irish Times 8 June 4/1 Mr. Adrian Hopkins, of Bray Travel, which organises package holidays in the Seychelles, said yesterday that they could have full refunds if they decided not to travel.
(c)1946Sun (Baltimore) 18 Feb. 11/5 The boys in blue finally have come up with touring package shows of their very own. 1952N.Y. Jrnl.-American 23 May 13/1 Judy Garland and Sid Luft are investing close to $100,000 in producing their own package shows to tour the country. 1956B. Holiday Lady sings Blues (1973) xx. 165 When theatre dates began to slack off, Mr. Levy decided to get together a whole package show, with me as the star and fronting the band. 1958Amer. Speech XXXIII. (Suppl.) 73 A package show on radio or television may involve a number of varied performances given once a week throughout the year, with a core of main performers and with others who are brought on for one or more performances, but not for all. 1959Tatler 1 Apr. 34/1 Stan Getz, star of last year's ‘Jazz At The Philharmonic’ package show in Britain.
c. Any related group of objects that is viewed or organized as a unit.
1947Crowther & Whiddington Science at War Pl. ix (caption) A late model; it is a ‘package’, with magnetron and magnet complete with rectangular wave guide out of which power pours. 1952New Yorker 12 Apr. 45 (Advt.), The big, beautiful, package that comprises the restaurants of Rockefeller Center. 1958Observer 12 Oct. 1/3 The objectives of this lavish experiment were..to test the interaction of the three stages..and..to achieve a trajectory that could be controlled enough to put the final package within some 50,000 miles of the moon. 1962F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronautics iv. 128 The cosmic ray package contains two proton monitors..and devices to detect electrons. 1962S. Carpenter in Into Orbit 56 Another item which is thrown off, just before re-entry, is the package of three retro-rockets which ride strapped to the heatshield during most of the mission. 1965IEEE Trans. Reliability XIV. 114 (heading) Impact testing of plug-in circuit packages for high reliability. 1968Times 10 Dec. 6/7 The orbiting observatory carries two experimental packages, both intended to make observations in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. 1970Sci. Amer. Feb. 26/1 If..one wanted to design a central processor with 1,000 logic elements, one could begin by selecting 200 integrated-circuit packages, each containing an average of five gates of the kind desired. 1972Computers & Humanities VII. 82 A collection of canned programs maintained as a unit is a library. If they are closely related in content, e.g., all statistical, then the library is a package. 1976Offshore Platforms & Pipelining 23/2 The pump package of Noble's Rig 27 varies slightly from the specification guide. 1976Physics Bull. May 202/3 A Japanese company has recently developed a multicolour three-dimensional image video package, using 35 mm film for the storage of the holograms, which is aimed at the advertising, educational, medical and recreational markets. 1977Modern Boating (Austral.) Jan. 81/2 Every boat-trailer-motor package which goes out of their doors is fully equipped with the recommended number of fire extinguishers as well as all other recommended safety gear as part of the package.
d. Misc. attrib. uses of sense 3 a. (All N. Amer.)
1821Deb. Congress U.S. (1855) 16th Congress 2 Sess. App. 1526 Package sales..by the assortments of merchandise they combine, excite most interest. 1888M. Deland John Ward i. 2 They were at the mercy of Phibbs, the package man, who brought their wares on his slow, creaking cart..from Mercer. 1971H. A. Smith View from Chivo xiii. 127 Jim Davey closed the package store two hours early and shut off all beer sales. 1976Amer. Speech 1974 XLIX. 115 Package bar, establishment that sells packaged goods (wine, beer, and hard liquor) as well as serves liquor by the drink.
4.
†a. Means, material, or requisites for packing.
1751R. Paltock P. Wilkins (1884) II. xviii. 202 My greatest concern was, having broke up so many of my chests, to find package for the things.
5. A case, casing, box, or other receptacle in which goods are packed.
original package, the package or case in which goods are sent out from the place of manufacture.
1801W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. XII. 580 The method of prizing, or squeezing..the article into its package, so as to reduce its bulk for stowage. a1827Pet. to Ho. Comm. in Bischoff Woollen Manuf. II. 60 Your petitioners, there⁓fore, humbly pray your Honourable House to..place the holders of wool, duty paid..upon the same footing as importers and holders of silk in original packages. 1890Daily News 28 June 6/2 Judge Foster [of Kansas] recently decided that liquor could only be sold in ‘original packages’, which is construed as meaning one or more bottles of beer or whisky. The merchants..are not allowed to sell beer or whisky by the glass.
Hence ˈpackaging, the action of making up into a package; also attrib. and fig.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., Packaging-machine, a machine for bundling yarns or goods into compact shape for transportation; a bundling-press. 1934Planning II. xxxvi. 10 They must submit samples, manufacturing formula, chemical analysis.., description of process of manufacture and packaging. 1950Sunday Times 7 May 8/4 It is apparent..that in the last 12 months packaging has improved considerably. 1954Economist 20 Feb. 568/1 Some of the subsidiaries do ‘quite a substantial amount of trade’ in packaging materials. 1957L. F. R. Willaims State of Israel 96 Much attention is being paid to grading, packaging and marketing. 1962Rep. Comm. Broadcasting 1960 34 in Parl. Papers 1961–2 (Cmnd. 1753) IX. 259 A trivial presentation may consist..in an excessive interest in smart ‘packaging’ at the expense of the contents of the package. 1962M. McLuhan Gutenbrg Galaxy 268 Language and the arts would..become mere packaging devices. 1976R. Barnard Little Local Murder ix. 105 Slovenly shoppers who could be deceived by the most patently bogus special offer, the most obviously inflated packaging device. 1977W. Marshall Thin Air ii. 24 I've seen the food packaging people... Apparently the packaging is done in the evenings.
▸ slang (orig. U.S.). A man's genitals, esp. when conspicuous in tight clothing. Cf. basket n. Additions, lunchbox n. 3.
Recorded in U.S. oral use in 1987 in the unpublished files of J. E. Lighter's Hist. Dict. Amer. Slang: ‘She was sitting on his package.’
1993Tour Rags in rec.music.gdead (Usenet newsgroup) 3 July The next night she cut his package off with a knife, ran out of the house and drove off with his dick in her hand. 1994A. Radakovich Wild Girls Club 9 On the playground, it was the boys' packages that sparked my curiosity. 1998Esquire May 125 (caption) Don't advertise your package. Crotch-hugging calf-length spandex is strictly verboten. 2001Independent 4 June ii. 8/3 A thong will send out many messages... [Women] will infer that you are rather pleased with the size of your package.
▪ II. package, v.
[f. the n.]
trans. To wrap up, make into a package. Also fig. and absol.
1928M. H. Weseen Crowell's Dict. Eng. Gram. 445 Package, commercial cant as a verb. 1947M. McCarthy On Contrary (1961) 11 An image of happiness as packaged by the manufacturer. 1954N. Tomalin in Granta 6 Nov. 21/1 Two licensed pigeon-feed sellers who..earn ten pounds a day, have factories in Ealing packaging the peas, and are worried acutely by their income tax. 1959Listener 30 July 186/3 There is no lack of playwrights who carry on the old trade of packaging sentimental hokum into a tough shell. 1967Boston Sunday Herald 26 Mar. vi. 7/6 Something for everybody is the way Air France describes its 1967 Jet Away Holidays tour program, recently packaged and distributed to travel agents. 1970Natural Hist. Feb. 18/3 Philadelphia is now packaging its trash, putting it into empty coal cars and then shipping the material back to the strip mines as land fill. 1972New Yorker 2 Dec. 162/2 The black films are packaged, financed, and sold by whites. 1976N. Postman Crazy Talk 70 Billy Graham has packaged his ‘message’ in a way not unlike that in which Scope packages its ‘message’. 1976NBR Marketplace (Wellington) iii. 5/1 It brings in its products from factories overseas (US, UK, Australia, and even Brazil) and packages here. |