| 释义 |
apperception Metaph.|æpəˈsɛpʃən|
[ad. F. aperception (mod.L. apperceptiōn-em, Leibnitz), f. apercevoir: see apperceive and -tion.]
1. The mind's perception of itself as a conscious agent; self-consciousness.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Adperception in the Leibnitzian style, denotes the act whereby the mind becomes conscious to itself of a perception. 1763Reid Inquiry ii. xv. (1785) 220 By apperception he understands that degree of perception, which reflects, as it were, upon itself: by which we are conscious of our own existence, and conscious of our own perceptions. 1877Caird Philos. Kant v. 79 The monad that has consciousness of itself..that has not only perception, but apperception.
2. Mental perception, recognition.
1839Bailey Festus xix. (1848) 217 Meet apperception of the sum of things. 1857Maurice Mor. & Met. Phil. IV. viii. §65 The recognition or apperception of these truths by men.
3. a. Psychol. The action or fact of becoming conscious by subsequent reflection of a perception already experienced; any act or process by which the mind unites and assimilates a particular idea (esp. one newly presented) to a larger set or mass of ideas (already possessed), so as to comprehend it as part of the whole: see quots.
1876J. Sully in Mind Jan. 36 The entrance of a presentation into the internal field of view is termed a Perception; its entrance into the point of view an Apperception. 1887J. Dewey Psychol. 89 Apperception is the relating activity which combines the various sensuous elements presented to the mind at one time into a whole, and which unites these wholes, recurring at successive times, into a continuous mental life, thereby making psychical life intelligent. 1893C. De Garmo et al. tr. Lange's Apperception (1896) 28 Apperception is the subsumption of a notion, usually newly given and more or less individual, under a predicate which is more complete..and..usually older and more familiar. Apperception does not always follow perception immediately, for years sometimes intervene between the learning of a fact and its comprehension. 1923H. G. Baynes tr. Jung's Psychol. Types xi. 524 Apperception is a psychic process by which a new content is articulated to similar already-existing contents in such a way as to be understood, apprehended, or clear.
b. attrib., as apperception mass, apperception process, apperception product. (H. Steinthal (1871) used the expressions ‘Massen Apperception’ and ‘Massen Apperceptions-Process’.)
1890W. James Princ. Psychol. II. xix. 109 An apperception-product arises: the knowledge of the perceived being as a horse. Ibid., Apperception-processes can perfectly well occur in which the new observation transforms or enriches the apperceiving group of ideas. 1896W. J. Eckoff tr. J. F. Herbart's ABC of Sense-Perception 88 Conscience..we have seen to be a complex apperception mass aboriginally compounded of innumerable presentations. 1933Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. July 24 Subjects having a marked perseveration of the ideas and ‘apperception masses’ previously stimulated would presumably be more likely..to overlook words wrongly spelt.
Hence apperˈceptionism Psychol., the explanation and systematization of the process of apperception; apperˈceptionist, one who holds or affects the doctrine of apperceptionism; apperceptioˈnistic a., of, pertaining to, or characterized by apperceptionism.
1903H. Münsterberg Harvard Psychol. Stud. I. 644 Without returning to apperceptionism we can overcome the one-sidedness of associationism if full use is made of the means which the world of phenomena offers to theory. Ibid. 653 Apperceptionistic psychology. 1904Jrnl. Philos., Psychol. & Sci. Methods 18 Aug. 466 (Cent. D. Suppl.), The idealist's view is that of the ‘apperceptionists’. |