| 释义 |
▪ I. mush, n.1|mʌʃ|
Also (sense 3 d) moosh, 20 dial. mosh.
[App. an onomatopœic alteration of mash n.1; sense 3 and the related mush v.2 are prob. old, though not recorded till the 19th c. Sense 1 and 3 b may have been affected by Du. moes, formerly used in these senses.]
1. N. Amer. A kind of porridge made with meal (chiefly of maize) boiled in water or milk until it thickens. Freq. in phr. mush and milk.
1671J. Hardy Last Voy. to Bermudas 11 Indian corn..Which being groun'd and boyl'd, Mush they make Their hungry Servants Hunger for to slake. 1745E. Kimber Itinerant Observations Amer. (1878) 34 The meaner Sort you find little else but Water amongst, when their Cyder is spent, Mush and Milk, or Molasses, Homine,..and Fish, are their principal Diet. 1814Brackenridge Jrnl. in Views Louisiana 202 A pot of mush for supper, with a pound of tallow in it. 1817in Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1866) VIII. 244 They..gave me a supper of mush and milk. 1828Cobbett Treat. Cobbett's Corn ix. §156 Taking off a lump of the mush at the time, and putting it in the milk, you take up a spoonful at a time, having a little milk along with it; and this is called mush and milk. 1866‘Mark Twain’ Lett. fr. Hawaii (1967) 210 I'm disgusted with these mush-and-milk preacher travels. 1893K. A. Sanborn Truthf. Wom. in S. California 37 The old greenhorn above who had his supper of mush and milk. 1895Montgomery Ward Catal. 534/1 China Oatmeal or Mush and Milk Set..cream pitcher, bowl and plate.
2. dial. A kind of iron-ore found in concretionary masses.
1686Plot Staffordsh. iv. §17. 159 Mush the best of all [Iron-Ore]..many times fill'd with a briske sweet liquor which the Workmen drink greedily.
3. a. Anything soft and pulpy. Also, anything reduced to or resembling a mass of powder. Chiefly dial.
1824Mactaggart Gallovid. Encycl., Mush, a vast of matters tossed together, such as straw, grain, hay, chaff, &c. 1841Emerson Man the Reformer Wks. (Bohn) II. 247 A poor fungus or mushroom..that seemed nothing but a soft mush or jelly. 1847Halliwell, Mush, anything mashed. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Mush, any thing decayed to a state of powder. 1878E. W. Clark Life Japan 76 The rice field is stirred up into a perfect mush of mud. 1914D. H. Lawrence Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd iii. 74 One of my sons..was shot till 'is shoulder was all of a mosh.
b. U.S. ‘Fish ground up; chum; pomace; stosh’ (Cent. Dict. 1890).
c. transf. and fig.
1841–4Emerson Ess., Friendship Wks. (Bohn) I. 88, I hate, where I looked for..a manly resistance, to find a mush of concession. 1856Mrs. Carlyle Lett. (1883) II. 297 Stewed into mush, hearing a popular preacher. 1876Besant & Rice Gold. Butterfly xviii, Bringing everlasting disgrace on our town with such mush as that.
d. slang. The mouth or face. Freq. pronounced |mʊʃ| and with spelling moosh.
1859G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 127 Mush, the mouth. 1906E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands xv. 202 Er stream iv water..takes Fuzzy fair in the mush, heels him over. 1914Jackson & Hellyer Vocab. Criminal Slang 60 Moosh, moush,..the human face... Also the mouth... Example: ‘He's got a harp moosh,’ i.e., Irish. 1919Dialect Notes V. 66 Mush, the mouth. ‘Stop his mush and give us a rest.’ 1932J. T. Farrell Young Lonigan i. i. 20 That time he had pasted Weary in the mush with an icy snow⁓ball. 1953K. Tennant Joyful Condemned x. 88, I don't usually go round pushing my moosh into anyone's business. 1959I. Jefferies Thirteen Days i. 18 He said if anybody opened his mush, he'd kill 'em. 1966‘L. Lane’ ABZ of Scouse 71 'Ey you wit' ther maggerty moosh. 1971B. W. Aldiss Soldier Erect 53 My regret was that I had not given Wally a bunch of fives in the mush while I had the chance. Ibid. 194, I hit him smack in the mush. Not very hard but pleasureably hard. My right fist did not hurt a great deal—not as much as his face hurt him. 1972K. Bonfiglioli Don't point that Thing at Me iv. 34 You ought to see his moosh, where I hit him, it's a treat, honest. 1974T. Barling Shooter Man i. 12 A big grin all over his ugly mush.
e. Surfing slang. The foam produced when a wave breaks.
1969Surfer IX. 57 Hardy rides and cuts out as the shoulder flattens to mush. 1970Surf '70 (N.Z.) 13/2 If there is any flat mush the board tends to stop and lose its turning ability. 1971Studies in English (Univ. Cape Town) Feb. 28 When a surfer is tired, he catches a wave all the way in. For the last part of the distance he will be riding the frommel; the soup; white water; the mush.
4. Radio. Interference or noise heard as a hissing or the sound |ʃ|; spec. (see quot. 1924).
1924Harmsworth's Wireless Encycl. II. 1456 Mush, term used for the irregular intermediate frequencies set up by an arc transmitter which interfere with the fundamental wave-lengths. 1927[see background n. 3]. 1928Observer 1 July 4/4 In listening to very faint signals from a great distance a limit is put by the ‘mush’ and statics and other noises brought in from the aerial. 1952Electronic Engin. XXIV. 120 Unwanted low frequency fluctuations of high frequency ‘mush’. 1971Daily Mail 17 Nov. 9/3 Were subjected to a continuous ‘hissing noise’, or ‘electronic mush’.
5. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1) mush pan, mush pot; mush-head, a person of a yielding disposition; one lacking in firmness; so mush-headed adj.; mush-ice, water only partly frozen, ice mixed with water; mush-sugar, a mixture of syrup and crystals of sugar.
1890Barrère & Leland Dict. Slang II. 77/2 Mush-head (American), a stupid, witless fellow. 1919H. L. Wilson Ma Pettengill ii. 63, I up and told her flat she could never run a boarding-house and make it pay; that no woman could who hadn't learned to say ‘No!’ and she was too much of a mushhead for that. 1932Screenland Apr. 70/1 She has married the poor little mush-head that had been wished upon her.
1914R. Cullum Way of Strong iii. viii. 294 The game isn't worth it, fighting this mush-headed crowd who have to get other folks to think for 'em.
1815Niles' Weekly Reg. IX. 201/2 You may, by digging down three feet, take a pole sixty feet long and with the strength of your hands run it down the whole length, and find no termination of what is called the mush ice. 1907J. London White Fang 202 The fall of the year, when the first snows were falling and mush-ice was running in the river. 1966R. M. Patterson Trail 86 They came..poling and tracking against the slowly drifting mush ice of the fall.
1847J. S. Robb Squatter Life 59 Betsy Jones' Tumble in the Mush Pan. 1940H. H. Hatcher Buckeye Country 173 When his self-made paste⁓board hat fell to pieces..he covered his head with his mush pan.
1847H. Howe Hist. Coll. Ohio 432 Johnny, who wore on his head a tin utensil which answered both as a cap and a mush pot, filled it with water and quenched the fire.
1868Rep. Iowa Agric. Soc. 1867 178 When sugar is contemplated, White Imphee is..the best, as all I have made went to thick mush sugar immediately.
▪ II. mush, n.2 slang.|mʌʃ|
[Shortened form of mushroom.]
1. An umbrella. Chiefly attrib. in mush-faker = mushroom-faker. So mush-faking vbl. n.
1821D. Haggart Life 56 Tommy Twenty, a mush toper feeker. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour II. 127 The term [Mushroom-fakers]..has become very generally condensed among those who carry on the trade—they are now mush⁓fakers. 1856Mayhew Gt. World Lond. 6 note, The mouth has come to be styled the ‘tater-trap’;..umbrellas, ‘mushrooms’ (or, briefly, ‘mush’);..and so on. 1893P. H. Emerson Signor Lippo xx. 91 My old man..got his dudder by chinay-faking and mush-faking.
2. A ‘small’ cab-proprietor; a cab-driver who owns one, two, or three cabs. So ˈmusher in the same sense. ˈmushing vbl. n., cab-owning on a small scale.
1887Globe 22 Apr. 3 A musher, or a struggler, is a man who drives a horse and cab which is his own property, and his only ‘lot’. Ibid., ‘Mushing’ in the cab-trade is another word for ‘struggling’. 1892Labour Commission Gloss., Little mushes, term applied to those in the cab-driving industry who drive their own vehicles. 1902Academy 27 Dec. 706/2 A Mush is the owner of 3 or 4 cabs.
▪ III. mush, n.3|mʌʃ|
[f. mush v.3]
A journey made through snow with a dog-sledge.
1910R. W. Service Trail of '98 341, I was still weak from my illness and my long mush had wearied me. 1926Glasgow Herald 8 Mar. 10/7 From Hudson in northern Ontario it is a twelve-day ‘mush’ for men and dogs over the frozen sub-arctic prairie to the Red Lake district. 1965Kingston (Ont.) Whig-Standard 8 Feb. 8/6 It's ‘Mush, Mush’ time for Owner-driver Vern Zoschke and his Dogs.
▪ IV. mush, n.4 Mil. slang.|mʊʃ, mʌʃ|
Also moosh.
[? f. mush v.2]
A guardroom or cell; a military prison. Also (Austral.), prison food.
1917W. Muir Observations of Orderly xiv. 228 If one of those ‘hooks’ [sc. pilferers] were caught, he would be first ‘rammed in the mush’ (put in the guardroom). 1919Athenæum 8 Aug. 727/2 When a man was ‘run in’ the guardroom he was in ‘clink’ or in ‘moosh’. 1933E. Partridge Words, Words, Words! iii. 204 Mush, sometimes spelt and pronounced moosh..denotes guard-room or cell(s). 1943Hunt & Pringle Service Slang 46 Mush, the glasshouse or guardroom. 1945Baker Austral. Lang. vii. 141 Jail food is moosh.
▪ V. mush, n.5 slang.|mʊʃ|
Also moosh.
[Orig. uncertain.]
Man, ‘chap’; hence also as a term of address.
1936J. Curtis Gilt Kid v. 53 I'm a bit of a coring mush, myself. 1943Police Jrnl. Mar. 69 Moosh, a person, an individual. 1950P. Tempest Lag's Lexicon 137 ‘Moosh’ is used more as a greeting: ‘Hullo, Moosh.’ 1961J. Stroud Touch & Go xvii. 183 Waiter!.. Look, moosh, this is cold. 1961J. Maclaren-Ross Doomsday Book vii. 76 Long's you don't go laughing in the wrong place, mush. 1966New Statesman 23 Dec. 934/3 My old woman's gone to Paris with a black moosh. 1968A. Diment Bang Bang Birds v. 57 So this mush is running a string of..houses of ill-repute... So what? 1972J. Brown Chancer i. 12 Look, moosh, you'll strip off or I'll take them off you.
▪ VI. mush, n.6 slang.|mʌʃ|
Shortened f. moustache, mustache n.
1967C. Drummond Death at Furlong Post xv. 181 Take my oath it's he..with his hair parted..and the mush shaved off his lip. 1969K. Giles Death cracks Bottle xiii. 172 He read one of these Service ads... You know, a young bloke with a mush telling troops to go plunging into the jungle.
▪ VII. † mush, a. Obs.
In 6 musche.
[f. mush v.1]
= mushed ppl. a.
1578Inv. R. Wardrobe (1815) 228 Ane [doublet]..of blak musche taffetie.
▪ VIII. mush, v.1 Sc.|mʌʃ|
Also 6–7 musche.
[? a. OF. moucher to cut, trim.]
trans. ‘To cut out with a stamp, to nick or notch, to make into flounces. (Commonly applied to grave-clothes)’ (Jam.); to ‘puff’. Hence mushed ppl. a., puffed. ˈmushing vbl. n., one of many nicks or notches stamped upon a garment for ornament.
1578Inv. R. Wardrobe (1815) 231 Ane quheit hieland mantill. Certane pecis of muschet arming furing. 1615in Thanes of Cawdor (Spald. Club) 240 Item 3 quarteris of reid bukkram to musche out the sleivis xv s. 1684Sir J. Lauder Hist. Notices Sc. Affairs (1848) 538 Many other things ware spoke of as sumptuous and prodigall, viz.,..mushed-out silks, and flored hoods. 1752J. Louthian Form of Process (ed. 2) 9 The Justice-General's [Robe] being lined with Ermine for Distinction, and the Justice-Clerk's being distinguished by Outcuttings or Mushings.
▪ IX. mush, v.2 dial.|mʌʃ|
Also 9 mosh.
[Onomatopœic alteration of mash v., suggestive of duller sound made in pounding something soft. Cf. the earlier mush n.1]
trans. and intr. ‘To crush, pulverize, crumble; to mash, to reduce to pulp; to crumble or decay away’ (E.D.D.).
1781Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) 93 Mush, to crush, or crumble. 1848A. B. Evans Leicestershire Words 58, I thought that she would have moshed her children then and there. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., To Mush, to crumble, to moulder. 1861Geo. Eliot Silas M. vii. 111 ‘Folks as had the devil to back 'em were not likely to be so mushed’ as poor Silas was.
▪ X. mush, v.3|mʌʃ|
[Apparently f. Fr. marchez or marchons, imp. of marcher to advance, the command given to sled dogs; cf. mush n.3]
Also const. on. a. intr. To travel on foot through the snow with a dog-sledge (said also of the dogs); trans. to drive dogs through the snow.
[1862R. Kennicott Jrnl. in J. A. James First Sci. Explor. Russian Amer. (1942) 130 My dogs are dogs! and we will mouche very likely, after all.] 1897Medicine Hat (Alberta) News 30 Sept. 7/4 It is laughable to hear the driver yell, ‘Mush, Mush,’ at them. 1900J. London Son of Wolf 5 ‘Come, mush on there, you poor sore-footed brutes!’ he murmured. 1903Sun (N.Y.) 22 Nov., His little boat was cut out, and then he started to ‘mush’ back over the ice. 1904S. E. White Silent Places xvii. 180 ‘Mush! Mush on!’ shouted Sam. The four dogs leaned into their collars. 1914R. Cullum Way of Strong i. i. 1 Five great sled dogs crouched in their harness. They were waiting the long familiar command to ‘mush’; an order they had not heard since the previous winter. 1927Brit. Weekly 13 Jan. 409/2 They were mushing on to a new strike. 1932Sun (Baltimore) 15 Jan. 1/5 Through a raging blizzard McDowell mushed a dog team the eighty miles to Aklavik. 1934Beaver Sept. 26 Constable Lee and his Indian interpreter, Albert, came mushing up with a jingle of bells from Fort Providence to pay their annual visit to trappers in the bush. 1947Mazama Dec. 6/2 Norris left Mt. McKinley Park station on 11 April and mushed his dog team to Base Camp arriving 15 April. 1963R. D. Symons Many Trails 198 And hurry! Hurry! Before it is too late—mush, mush on—the whip cracks hysterically. 1966Kingston (Ont.) Whig-Standard 25 Feb. 12/1 There hasn't been so much excitement over sled-dogs in the north since Leonard Sepala mushed through the land of the midnight sun.
b. transf. To travel (through snow or ice).
1898W. N. Robertson Yukon Memories 210 You think all the while you are nearing the top, and ‘mush on’, like viewing a ship at sea. 1906‘O. Henry’ Four Million 106 I never got off the train since I mushed out of Seattle, and I'm hungry. 1958P. Berton Klondike Fever 19 He thought nothing of making a present of his trousers to a pantless native and mushing home in his red flannels. 1966Globe & Mail (Toronto) 24 Jan. 17/8, I then struck out to mush to the nearest bus stop.
Hence ˈmushing vbl. n.
1904Prof. Papers U.S. Geol. Survey No. 20. 15 In ‘mushing’, the best progress is made in relatively cool weather. 1930W. N. Robertson Yukon Memories viii. 114 There is a lingering feeling that the monotonous mushing along has not been devoid of its pleasures. 1966Kingston (Ont.) Whig-Standard 25 Feb. 12/1 Wilfrid Charles is regarded as a sure-pop betting cinch to retain the mushing title.
▪ XI. mush, v.4 colloq.|mʌʃ|
[f. mush n.1 3.]
Const. in. To sink into a soft surface.
1948N. Shute No Highway ii. 41 The landing was a hazardous one because of the alternate thaw and freeze: the skis [of the aircraft] mushed in beneath the icy crust. 1962J. Glenn in Into Orbit 13, I..skimmed right over the top of a rice paddy—almost mushing into it. |