| 释义 |
Munda, n. and a.|ˈmunda|
[Native word.]
A. n.
a. A member of an ancient Indian people of pre-Aryan stock which was overrun by invading Caucasians and Mongols and which survives in present times as primitive tribes living in north-eastern India.
b. The name given to the language group which includes the dialects of the Mundas and is believed to belong to the Austroasiatic family of languages.
B. adj. Of or pertaining to the Mundas or their language. Cf. Kolarian.
1847B. H. Hodgson On Aborigines of India iii. 150 Among the Kóls, I have seen many Orauns and Múndas nearly black. 1854Max Müller in C. C. J. Bunsen Christianity & Mankind III. 437 These people, called themselves ‘Munda’, which as an old ethnic name, I have adopted for the common appellation of the aboriginal Koles... It is said that the Mundas and Uraons lived peaceably together until the Brahmans reached their country. Ibid. 438 The dictionaries of the Munda and Tamulian languages differ more than should be the case with cognate dialects. 1866Jrnl. Asiatic Soc. Bengal XXXV. ii. (Special Number) 26 There are..‘moondahs’ and Santals.. speaking dialects of a language very different from the Dravidian. 1872E. T. Dalton Descr. Ethnol. Bengal vii. 163 The people I am now about to describe comprise the Múndáris or Múndas of Chútia Nágpúr proper. 1877A. H. Keane tr. Hovelacque's Sci. of Lang. iv. 138 Munda. The language of the Kols, or Kolhs (south-west of Calcutta), would seem, like Sinhalese, to be independent of the Dravidian group. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 41/2 There are scattered remnants of a still earlier population of India (Mundas, Kolarians), whose race characteristics..do not so essentially differ from those of the Dravidians. 1904G. A. Grierson Linguistic Survey of India II. 1 The Mundā order is subject, object, verb, while in Khassi and Mōn it is subject, verb, object. 1912S. C. Roy Mundas & their Country i. 16 The site of the original home of the Mundas will perhaps ever remain hidden from view in the mist of ages. 1933[see Austric a.]. 1956J. Whatmough Language ii. 30 Munda is now found chiefly in the eastern Himalayas and in isolated regions in the Central Provinces. 1970Yamada Ryuji Cultural Formation of Mundas i. i. 13 The Mundas, together with several other Austroasiatic peoples in India, are called an agricultural people. 1975Amer. Speech 1972 XLVII. 289 The Indo-Aryan languages have acquired various structural features from the Dravidian and Munda languages spoken by the subjected peoples. |