| 释义 |
graphology|grəˈfɒlədʒɪ|
[f. Gr. γραϕο-, combining form of γραϕή writing + -λογία discourse: see -logy. (Substituted, as more correct, for the earlier graphiology. Cf. F. graphologie.)]
1. The study of handwriting.
1882Athenæum 23 Sept. 402/3, I work with a method and principles of criticism different from his in comparative graphology and palæography. 1886Syd. Soc. Lex., Graphology, a study or description of handwriting in relation to the changes from the ordinary which occur in some diseases, such as general paralysis. 1960M. Spark Bachelors i. 11 Ronald got a job in a small museum of graphology in the City... To Ronald's museum came criminologists from abroad, people wishing to identify the dates of manuscripts, or the handwriting attached to documents of doubt.
2. esp. The art or science of inferring a person's character, disposition, and aptitudes from the peculiarities of his handwriting.
1886Pall Mall G. 15 Feb. 10/2 He sought in graphology indications of capacity and disposition. 1887Blackw. Mag. May 642/1 Phrenology and graphology are admitted to take rank as acknowledged sciences. 1891J. F. Nisbet Insanity Genius 149 Graphology contains no doubt a substratum of truth.
3. The system of graphic formulæ; the notation used for graphs.
1878Sylvester in Amer. Jrnl. Math. I. 79 Any tendency to disturb or complicate the existing graphology.
4. Linguistics. The study of written and printed symbols and of writing systems (see quot. 1964).
1961A. McIntosh in Archivum Linguisticum XIII. 107, I have used the word ‘graphology’ in a sense which is intended to answer, in the realm of written language, to that of ‘phonology’ in the realm of spoken language. 1962D. Diringer Writing 21 Graphology, ‘the science of writing’, is more concerned with the subject from the biological and psychological points of view than in terms of its history. 1964M. A. K. Halliday et al. Linguistic Sci. ii. 50 Graphology..includes orthography, punctuation, and anything else that is concerned with showing how a language uses its graphic resources to carry its grammatical and lexical patterns.
Hence graphoˈlogic, graphoˈlogical adjs., of or pertaining to graphology; graphoˈlogical a., graphoˈlogically adv.
1891N. Y. Tribune 23 Dec. 3/5 (Funk) The afternoon session of the trial was taken up with the testimony of the graphological experts. 1895Daily News 4 Dec. 6/6 Important graphologic researches. 1964M. A. K. Halliday et al. Linguistic Sci. ii. 50 The ‘graphological’ level of language, whatever the nature of the script, is characterized by its own distinctive pattern, just as is the level of phonology. 1964A. McIntosh in Archivum Linguisticum XVI. 79 These two graphs should at least be recognised as graphologically (even if not graphemically) contrastive. |