| 释义 |
monosome Cytology.|ˈmɒnəsəʊm|
[f. mono- + -some4.]
1. A chromosome in a diploid chromosome complement which lacks its homologous partner; a diploid individual having such a chromosome in its complement.
1921[see hexasome s.v. hexa-]. 1944Genetics XXIX. 232, 16 monosomes and five trisomes were found in the 11 aberrant offspring. 1970Caryologia XXIII. 359 In this paper, we report on the rates of transmission of disomes (21 II), monosomes (20 II + 1 I), double monosomes (19 II + 2 I) and plants carrying isochromosomes and telocentric chromosomes in two aneuploid series of wheat.
2. A single ribosome attached to a molecule of messenger RNA.
1964Haselkorn & Fried in Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. LI. 308 In a previous communication we presented evidence indicating that the addition of RNA from turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) to purified E. coli ribosomes results in the formation of a complex containing one 70s ribosome and one molecule of RNA. We shall call such complexes monosomes. 1971Nature 10 Sept. 107/2 Most ribosomes appeared as ‘free’ monosomes, while in the reticular cells most of them were attached to membranes in typical ‘polysome’ patterns. 1972Ibid. 31 Mar. 237/2 Fig. 1 shows a typical distribution of monosomes and polysomes isolated from non-infected and infected Proctor barley leaves. |