| 释义 |
terrestrial, a. and n.|təˈrɛstrɪəl|
Also 5 -yall(e, 5–7 -iall(e, 7 tere-. Also 5–8 terrestial(l after celestial.
[f. L. terrestri-s (f. terra earth) + -al1. Cf. obs. F. terrestriel (16th c. in Godef.).]
A. adj.
1. Of or pertaining to this world, or to earth as opposed to heaven; earthly; worldly; mundane.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) II. 183 The hieste powere intellectiue..separate somme tyme from substaunces terrestrialle. c1460in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1866) 82 Graunt to man the blysse eternalle When he passith thys lyfe terrestryalle. c1470Ashby Active Policy 592 What man is he that is terrestial But of hym thus sadly wol speke & telle? 1526Tindale 1 Cor. xv. 40 There are celestiall bodyes, and there are bodyes terrestriall. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI 182 b, Depriued of his terrestrial Croune, to be recompensed with an heauenly garland. 1593Nashe Christ's T. T iij b, Their eyes are dazeled with terrestiall delights. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 67 ⁋2 The happiest lot of terrestrial existence. 1868Law Beacons of Bible (1869) 47 The guilty have then no terrestrial refuge.
2. a. Of, pertaining, or referring to the earth; often in terrestrial ball, terrestrial globe, terrestrial sphere, the earth.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, iii. ii. 41 From vnder this Terrestriall Ball. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 6 Extended to the plaine of the terrestriall Horizon. 1645Evelyn Diary 21 Feb., The celestial, terrestrial, and subterranean deities. 1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag. v. v. 19 The Sphericality of this Terrestial [ed. 1684 -trial] Globe. 1796H. Hunter tr. St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. I. 563 The two terrestrial Hemispheres are not projected in the same manner. 1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. (1857) III. 38 The subject of terrestrial magnetism.
†b. Proceeding from, or belonging to, the solid earth or its soil; not atmospheric. Obs.
1658J. Rowland Moufet's Theat. Ins. 908 Terrestrial or earthy Honey we call that, because the dew going away, it is suckt out of the very sweat of the earth. 1660Boyle New Exp. Phys.-Mech. xviii. 139 The Terrestrial Steam may..considerably alter the gravity or pressure of the Atmosphere.
c. Consisting of earth or soil. (humorous.)
1844O. W. Holmes Lines Berksh. Jubilee 48 No soil upon earth is so dear to our eyes As the soil we first stirred in terrestrial pies!
d. spec. terrestrial globe, a globe with a map of the earth on its surface: see globe n. 3; † terrestrial line (obs.): see quot. 1704; terrestrial telescope, one used for observing terrestrial objects.
1559[see globe n. 3]. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 31 In the Clocke [of Strassburg Cathedral]..there is a terrestrial globe. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Terrestrial Line... Line Terrestrial, in Perspective, is a Right Line, wherein the Geometrical Plane, and that of the Picture or Draught intersect one another. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art I. 487 The Terrestrial Telescope, or Perspective Glass. 1837Goring & Pritchard Microgr. 153 Terrestrial telescopes will not have received their finishing touch,..until their secondary image is just as perfect as their first. 1869Tyndall in Fortn. Rev. 1 Feb. 245 The poles, equator, and parallel of latitude of an ordinary terrestrial globe.
e. Astr. Designating planets which are similar in size or composition to the Earth.
1888C. A. Young Textbk. Gen. Astron. xiv. 322 The terrestrial planets are Mercury, Venus, the earth, and Mars. They are bodies of the same order of magnitude.., not very different in density.., and are probably roughly alike in physical constitution. 1926E. A. Fath Elem. Astron. xi. 135 The eight planets fall into two groups, the first usually being termed the terrestrial planets. 1973Nature 17 Aug. 424/2 The terrestrial planets..are solid bodies. 1980Sci. Amer. Jan. 68/2 Io..and Callisto belong to the family of objects designated terrestrial.
†3. Of the nature or character of earth, esp. as being dry and solid or pulverulent; possessing earth-like properties or qualities; earthy. Obs.
1594Plat Jewell-ho. i. 21 [Quick lime] whose moisture is altogether exhaled, so as there remaineth therein nothing else, but the terrestrial parts replenished with a fiery vertue. 1668Culpepper & Cole Barthol. Anat. i. xviii. 49 The thick and terrestrial Excrements of the Kidneys. 1684–5Boyle Min. Waters 29 Of the division of the Cap. Mort. into saline and terrestrial and other parts not dissoluble in Water. 1756Phil. Trans. XLIX. 903 Acids..do dissolve animal calculi, by acting upon their terrestrial parts.
4. Of, or pertaining to, the land of the world, as distinct from the waters.
1628Hobbes Thucyd. (1822) 20 We offer you a naval not a terrestrial league. 1644Evelyn Diary 7 Nov., The terrestrial and naval battailes here graven. 1839Alison Hist. Europe (1849–50) VII. xlii. §55. 136 While England was..extending her naval dominion,..Napoleon was..advancing in his career of terrestrial empire.
5. Nat. Hist. Occurring on, or inhabiting, land:
a. Zool. Living on the land as distinguished from the waters, or on the ground as distinct from the air; applied spec. to birds of the order Terrestres, and to air-breathing molluscs and crustaceans.
1638Rawley tr. Bacon's Life & Death (1650) 54 Fishes need lesse Refrigeration than Terrestriall Creatures. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v. Bird, Birds are usually divided into terrestrial, and aquatic. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 479 The subserviency of our planet to the support of terrestrial as well as aquatic species. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. xii. (1873) 341 The distribution of terrestrial animals. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 455 A few Gastropoda are terrestrial and air-breathers.
b. Bot. Growing in the soil; distinguished from aquatic, marine, parasitic, or epiphytic.
1831J. Davies Manual Mat. Med. 424 Fungi. Terrestrial or parasitical plants of very variable consistence, but never of a green colour. 1849Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. (1850) II. 305 Land covered with a luxuriant vegetation of terrestrial plants. 1875Bennett & Dyer Sachs' Bot. 660 The autumn crocus, tulip, crown imperial, terrestrial orchids.
B. n. (The adj. used absol.)
a. A terrestrial being; esp. a human being, a mortal; in quot. 1598, a man of secular estate, a layman.
b. The terrestrial world, the earth (rare).
c. pl. Terrestrial animals, orders, or families: see quot. 1842.
a.1598Shakes. Merry W. iii. i. 108 (Qo. 1) Giue me thy hand, terestiall..Giue me thy hand, celestiall. 1725Pope Odyss. xix. 691 Heav'n that knows what all terrestrials need, Repose to night, and toil to day decreed. 1873Proctor Expanse Heav. (1877) 235 Varieties of effect altogether unfamiliar to us terrestrials.
b.1742Young Nt. Th. ix. 598 Thou,..Whose little heart, is moor'd within a nook Of this obscure terrestrial.
c.1842Brande & Cox Dict. Sc., etc., Terrestrials,..the name of a section of the class Aves, corresponding to the orders Rasores and Cursores; also of a family of Pulmonated Gastropods, and of a division of Isopodous Crustaceans.
Hence teˈrrestrialism, worldliness (as a way of life), secularity; teˈrrestrialize v., trans., to make terrestrial or earthly.
1856Grindon Life xxiii. (1875) 297 Falling neither into fanaticism nor terrestrialism. 1829Wilson in Blackw. Mag. XXV. 389 Every breath of air we draw is terrestrialized or etherealized by imagination. 1901Edin. Rev. Apr. 357 Once terrestrialised, life..is ‘not a dream but may become one’.
Add:[A.] [2.] f. Telecommunications. Pertaining to or designating broadcasting, data transmission, etc., which does not make use of satellites.
[1960Policy Planning for Space Telecommunications (U.S. Congr. Senate Comm. Aeronaut. & Space Sci.) 55 Developments in space vehicles, and in particular suitably equipped artificial satellites, are likely to enable considerable progress to be made..in the development and improvement of long distance terrestrial telecommunications.] 1968Aviation Week & Space Technol. 25 Mar. 23/3 When necessary..terrestrial services operating on the same band with space services should use directional beams. 1976Business Week 12 Jan. 26/1 Instead of using terrestrial phone lines to reach earth stations that relay signals through satellite links, the proposal calls for [etc.]. 1982Giant Bk. Electronics Projects v. 192 The vestigial-sideband AM video standard used for terrestrial TV broadcast. 1989Broadcast 13 Oct. 48/4 Channel 5 is expected to begin broadcasting by 1995, and will eventually reach 70 per cent of Britain, using spare terrestrial frequencies. |