| 释义 |
mapping, vbl. n.|ˈmæpɪŋ|
[f. map v.1 + -ing1.]
1. a. The action of map v.1; the drawing of maps, map-making; planning. Also with out, down.
1775in Ash Suppl. 1849Murchison Siluria v. 93 Corrections being made in the mapping of faults and strata. 1856Mrs. Browning Aur. Leigh ix. 838 Less mapping out of matter to be saved. 1860Geo. Eliot Mill on Fl. ii. i, When the miller talked of ‘mapping’ and ‘summing’ in a vague and diffident manner. 1868Lockyer tr. Guillemin's Heavens (ed. 3) 390 The actual mapping down of the spectra of several of the brightest stars.
attrib.1866W. F. Stanley Math. Drawing Instr. 12 A very fine kind of writing-pen, termed a mapping pen.
b. Genetics. The making of a genetic map (map n.1 1 g); the process of determining the chromosomal position of a gene in relation to other genes.
1935L. H. Snyder Princ. Heredity xv. 153 (heading) The mapping of chromosomes. 1965Genetics LI. 157 (heading) Mapping of temperature-sensitive mutants in bacteriophage T5. 1967Jrnl. Molecular Biol. XXVII. 163 (heading) Genetic mapping in Bacillus subtilis. 1969A. M. Campbell Episomes i. 7 Of special interest was the mapping of the Hfr character itself. 1970Ambrose & Easty Cell Biol. x. 334 (heading) Gene mapping with Drosophila.
2. Math. A correspondence by which each element of a given set has associated with it one element (occas., one or more elements) of a second set. (Some topologists use transformation in this sense and mapping in the narrower sense of a continuous transformation.)
1931H. P. Robertson tr. Weyl's Theory of Groups & Quantum Mech. iii. 110 A mapping or correspondence S..is determined by a law which associates with each point p of the field a point p′ as image. 1935[see homomorphic a. 2]. 1958G. T. Whyburn Topological Analysis ii. 24 A continuous transformation will be called a mapping. 1964W. J. Pervin Found. Gen. Topology i. 10 Other terms for mapping are ‘function’, ‘transformation’, and ‘operator’. 1966F. M. Hall Introd. Abstr. Algebra I. ix. 156 If the mapping θ is between the object space A and image space B we write θ:A→B (a mapping θ of A into B). 1968M. Bruckheimer et al. Math. for Technol. ii. 17 An example of a one–many mapping is the mapping a→{pm}√a of the set of non-negative real numbers to the set of all real numbers. 1971Nature 17 Dec. 396/2 The ideal transducer..neither stores nor dissipates energy; viewed as a mapping from input space, (e1,f1), to output space (e2,f2), e1f1+e2f2= o.
Add:3. Linguistics. The (degree of) correspondence between associated elements of different types or at different levels within a linguistic process or scheme. Cf. *map v. 4 b.
1955N. Chomsky Theory of Linguistic Struct. (microfilm, Mass. Inst. Technol.) ii. 631 The relations between L and other levels can be presented as a set of mappings defined on L. Ibid. 64 ϕ is a mapping which, in particular, maps µ into the set of grammatical utterances. 1971Language XLVIII. 8 This overwhelming predominance of many-one mapping over one-many, as we move from semantics to phonetics, can then be seen as further evidence of languages's directionality. 1987Multilingua VI. 319 The more syntax is more often ambiguous or vague, the mapping between expression and meaning more often indirect. 1992Lit. & Linguistic Computing 234/2 A sentence in English may have one-to-many mapping to many different structures in Chinese. |