| 释义 |
ˌrenormaliˈzation Physics.
[re- 5 a.]
A method used in quantum mechanics of removing unwanted infinities from the solutions of equations by redefining parameters such as the mass and charge of subatomic particles. Freq. attrib. Cf. normalize v. 3 a.
1948Physical Rev. LXXIV. 1430/1 The divergent terms in the line shift problem can be thought to be contained in a renormalization of the mass of a free electron. 1954W. Heitler Quantum Theory of Radiation (ed. 3) vi. 277 What is observable is the total mass and the total charge of the electron and these include the self-mass and self-charge. Although it is still a major unsolved difficulty of the theory that these quantities turn out to be infinite, they should, whatever their value, be combined with the ‘original’ mass and charge (i.e. the theoretical mass and charge when no interaction with the radiation field existed at all). For the original plus the self-mass and charge the observed finite values of mass and charge should then be substituted. This procedure will be called the re-normalization of mass and charge. Ibid. xxx. 310 This is the relativistic form of the ‘renormalization terms’. 1954Physical Rev. XCV. 1329/1 Ever since the overwhelming success of the applications of renormalization technique in quantum electrodynamics, the problem of understanding this renormalization procedure without the use of perturbation methods has been of great interest. 1962N. R. Hanson in A. B. Pippard et al. Quanta & Reality v. 88 Theoreticians..invented a technique to diminish the number of possible solutions into something which practising physicists could manage. The result is a rather arbitrary procedure called ‘renormalization’. It rejects as physically unpromising most solutions of any wave equation. 1977L. Streit in Price & Chissick Uncertainty Principle & Foundations of Quantum Mechanics xviii. 353 Virtually every second calculation of quantum electrodynamics included the process of throwing away an infinite term and interpreting the remainder as the ‘correct result’. These procedures were formalized in the renormalization theory of Feynman, Dyson and Schwinger. 1979Sci. Amer. Mar. 67/2 In the 1950's it became apparent that the aims of the renormalization procedure can be achieved by a large family of mathematical transformations; these make up the renormalization group. |