| 释义 |
▪ I. magazine, n.|mægəˈziːn|
Forms: 6 magason, magosine, 6–7 magasin, -zin, 7 magazen, (maggezzine, megazin(e, magaseine, magozin), 7–8 magazeen(e, 6– magazine.
[a. F. magasin (OF. magazin), It. magazzino (Sardinian magasinu, metathetically camasinu), Sp. magacen, a. Arab. makhāzin, pl. of makhzan storehouse, f. khazana to store up. The Arab. word, with prefixed article al-, appears as Sp. almagacen, almacen, Pg. armazem warehouse.]
1. a. A place where goods are laid up; a storehouse or repository for goods or merchandise; a warehouse, depot. Now rare.
1583J. Newbery Let. in Purchas Pilgrims (1625) II. 1643 That the Bashaw, neither any other Officer shall meddle with the goods, but that it may be kept in a Magosine. 1588T. Hickock tr. Frederick's Voy. 27 The merchants haue all one house or Magason..and there they put all their goods of any valure. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage vi. x. 511 Vnder which Porches or Galleries [of the Church] are Magazines or Store-houses, wherein are kept lampes, oile, mats, and other necessaries. 1731Gentl. Mag. I. Introd., This Consideration has induced several Gentlemen to promote a Monthly Collection to treasure up, as in a Magazine, the most remarkable Pieces on the Subjects abovemention'd. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ. (Rtldg.) 304 (The Remise) Mons. Dessein came up with the key of the remise in his hand, and forthwith let us into his magazine of chaises. 1793Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 143 No magazine, from the ware⁓houses of the East India Company to the grocer's and the baker's shop, possesses the smallest degree of safety. 1808Pike Sources Mississ. iii. App. 23 A public magazine for provisions, where every farmer brings whatever grain and produce he may have for sale. 1875Stanley in Contemp. Rev. XXV. 489 Imported..from the magazines of France and of Belgium, according to the last fashions of Brussels or Paris.
fig.1599B. Jonson Ev. Man out of Hum. ii. iii, What more than heauenly pulchritude is this? What Magazine, or treasurie of bliss? a1610Healey Theophrastus (1636) To Rdr., That great Magazine or Storehouse of all learning M. Cassaubon. 1738[G. Smith] Curious Relat. II. 216 My Friend! the Rich are the Poor Man's Magazine. 1817Parl. Debates 352 A magazine of petitions had been opened in Scotland.
b. transf. esp. of a country or district with reference to its natural products or of a city, etc., as a centre of commerce.
1596Raleigh Discov. Gviana 3 Guiana (the Magazin of all rich mettels). 1632Lithgow Trav. iv. 165 Constantinople..Aleppo..and grand Cayro..are the three Maggezzines of the whole Empire. 1640Digby in Lismore Papers Ser. ii. (1888) IV. 133 He conceaued that the City of London was the Magazine of money. 1650Fuller Pisgah iii. i. 410 Timber they fetched from Mount Libanus (the magazeen of cedars). 1705Addison Italy (1767) 196 (Rome) The great magazine for all kinds of treasure, is supposed to be the bed of the Tiber. 1787Gentl. Mag. LVII. ii. 1115/2 The Dutch islands of Curaçoa and St. Eustatius are now converted into complete magazines for all kinds of European goods. 1833L. Ritchie Wand. by Loire 109 The..bourg of Chouzé, set down in a perfect magazine of fruit and vegetables, grain and wine.
c. A portable receptacle containing articles of value. Now rare.
1768Sterne Sent. Journ. (Rtldg.) 341 (Case Conscience) She opened her little magazine, and laid all her laces..before me. 1779–81Johnson L.P., Thomson, He had recommendations..which he had tied up carefully in his handkerchief; but..his magazine of credentials was stolen from him. 1861Holland Less. Life viii. 120 The great army of little men that is yearly commissioned to go forth into the world with a case of sharp knives in one hand, and a magazine of drugs in the other.
2. Mil.
a. gen. A building in which is stored a supply of arms, ammunition and provisions for an army for use in time of war.
b. spec. A place in which gunpowder and other explosives are stored in large quantities; a powder magazine.
1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 669/2 Then would I wish that there should be good store of howses and magasins erected in all those greate places of garrison, and in all great townes, as well for the vittayling of souldiours and shippes, as for..preventing of all times of dearthe. 1644Nye Gunnery (1647) 72 A barrell of the best powder in the Magazine. 1667Milton P.L. iv. 816 A heap of nitrous Powder, laid Fit for the Tun som Magazin to store Against a rumord Warr. 1709Pope Ess. Crit. 671 Thus useful arms in magazines we place. a1744Swift Epigram Wks. 1824 XIV. 399 Here Irish wit is seen! When nothing's left that's worth defence, We build a magazine. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780), Magazine, a..store-house, built in the fore, or after⁓part of a ship's hold, to contain the gunpowder. 1800Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1837) I. 213, I have no power to order the repair of magazines, storerooms, &c. 1849Prescott Peru (1850) II. 23 In another quarter they beheld one of those magazines destined for the army, filled with grain and with articles of clothing. 1868Regul. & Ord. Army ⁋1238 The reserve Ammunition will be kept in the Magazine. 1877A. B. Edwards Up Nile ix. 239 To provide a safe underground magazine for gunpowder.
fig.1653R. Sanders Physiogn. 25 The Heart is the Magazine and Arsenal of Life. 1715–20Pope Iliad xii. 332 As when high Jove his sharp artillery forms, And opes his cloudy magazine of storms. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 76 ⁋6 He has stored his magazine of malice with weapons equally sharp. a1764Lloyd Law Student Poet. Wks. 1774 I. 23 While armed with these, the student views with awe His rooms become the magazine of Law.
3. a. Mil. The contents of a magazine; a store. Also collect. pl. († rarely collect. sing.): Stores, provisions, munitions of war; armament, military equipments.
1589Voy. Spaine & Portingale 17 Aboundant store of victualls..which was confessed..to be the beginning of a Magasin of all sorts of prouision for a new Voiage into England. 1591Raleigh Last Fight Rev. (Arb.) 16 Of which [Armada] the number of souldiers..with all other their magasines of prouision, were put in print. a1613Overbury Observ. Trav. (1626) 11 Megazins of powder. 1644in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. II. 670 The Kings forces..marcht away with their Artillery and Magazeen towards Oxford. 1666Dryden Ann. Mirab. cclxxi, And bade him swiftly drive the approaching fire From where our naval magazines were stored. 1671Milton Samson 1281 Thir Armories and Magazins. 1774T. West Antiq. Furness (1805) 48 They took most part of their arms..with a coup laden with magazeen, drawn by six oxen. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xxxi. III. 259 He used, with so much skill and resolution, a large magazine of darts and arrows, that [etc.]. 1810Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1838) VI. 27 A corps of 5000 men..had carried away a magazine of arms. 1813Ibid. X. 419 Whenever a magazine of provisions shall be taken from the enemy by the troops.
fig.1638Baker tr. Balzac's Lett. (vol. III.) 242, I take not upon me to contend with you in complements..who..have whole magasins of good words. 1663Cowley Misc., Chronicle, The Lace, the Paint, and warlike things That make up all their Magazins. 1742Young Nt. Th. ii. 478 Speech burnishes our mental magazine; Brightens, for ornament; and whets for use. 1836Emerson Nature, Language Wks. (Bohn) II. 154 That which was unconscious truth, becomes..a new weapon in the magazine of power.
b. gen. A store, heap (of provisions, materials, etc.); † a stock of clothing, wardrobe.
1615H. Crooke Body of Man 61 Next vnder the Skin lyeth the Fat..a Stowage or Magazine of nourishment against a time of dearth. 1624Heywood Captives ii. ii. in Bullen O. Pl. IV. 145 That have no more left of a magazine Then these wett cloathes upon mee. 1637― Lond. Mirr. Wks. 1874 IV. 314 By which small mites to Magazines increase. 1661Evelyn Fumifugium To Rdr., The Deformity of so frequent Wharfes and Magazines of Wood, Coale, Boards, and other course Materials. 1669J. Rose Eng. Vineyard (1675) 34 A load of lime, to every ten loads of dung, will make an admirable compost..but your magazine will require the maturity of two, or three years. 1712Arbuthnot John Bull ii. iv, She [Usury] had amassed vast magazines of all sorts of things. 1714Gay Fan. i. 243 Should you the Wardrobe's Magazine rehearse, And glossy Manteaus rustle in thy Verse. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. x. (1840) 182 A..magazine of flesh, milk, butter, and cheese. 1771Goldsm. Hist. Eng. III. 165 A magazine of coals were usually deposited there. 1790T. Bewick Hist. Quadrupeds (1807) 419 Each Beaver forms its bed of moss, and each family lays in its magazine of winter provisions. 1828Syd. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 21/1 Distillation, too, always insures a magazine against famine... It opens a market for grain. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ix. II. 437 In every asylum were collected magazines of stolen or smuggled goods.
fig.1709Sacheverell Serm. 15 Aug. 15 What a Magazine of Sin, what an Inexhaustible Fund of Debauchery,..does any Author of Heresie..set up! 1795Burke Let. to W. Elliot Wks. VII. 348 The magazine of topicks and common-places which I suppose he keeps by him. 1836–7Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. (1877) I. ii. 23 An individual may possess an ample magazine of knowledge, and still be little better than an intellectual barbarian.
†4. A ship laden with stores, a victualling ship; more fully magazine(s ship. (Cf. F. magasins, ‘the store-ships which attend on a fleet of men of war’, Falconer Dict. Marine, Fr. Sea-Terms 1780.)
1624Capt. Smith Virginia iv. 155 Some pety Magazines came this Summer. Ibid. v. 189 About this time arriued the Diana with a good supply of men and prouision, and the first Magazin euer seene in those Iles. Ibid. 194 The Magazin ship..came into the Harbour. Ibid. 195 He made..a large new storehouse of Cedar for the yeerely Magazines goods. Ibid. 196 The Magazins ship. Ibid. 198 Constrained to buy what they wanted, and sell what they had at what price the Magazin pleased.
5.
†a. Used in the titles of books, with the sense (fig. from 1 and 2): A storehouse of information on a specified subject or for a particular class of persons. Obs.
1639R. Ward, Animadversions of Warre; or, a Militarie Magazine of the trvest rvles..for the Managing of Warre. 1669Sturmy, The Mariners Magazine. 1705G. Shelley, The Penman's Magazine: or, a New Copy-book, of the English, French and Italian Hands. 1719R. Hayes, Negociator's Magazine. 1802J. Allen, Spiritual Magazine, or Christian's Grand Treasure.
b. A periodical publication containing articles by various writers; chiefly, a periodical publication intended for general rather than learned or professional readers, and consisting of a miscellany of critical and descriptive articles, essays, works of fiction, etc.
1731(title) The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Monthly Intelligencer. [Cf. quot. 1731 in sense 1.] 1742Pope Dunc. i. 42 Hence Journals, Medleys, Merc'ries, Magazines;..and all the Grub-street race. 1748Lady Luxborough Let. to Shenstone 28 Apr., Nothing can be more just than the criticism upon the Play in the Magazine. 1758–65Goldsm. Ess., Spec. Mag., It is the life and soul of a magazine never to be long dull upon one subject. 1798A. Tilloch (title) The Philosophical Magazine. 1819Byron Juan i. ccxi, All other magazines of art or science, Daily, or monthly, or three monthly. 1823(title) The Mechanics' Magazine. 1857A. Mathews Tea-Table T. I. 2 A Magazine is the fancy fair of literature—a reader's veritable bazaar. 1860(title) Baily's Monthly Magazine of Sports and Pastimes. 1880McCarthy Own Times IV. lix. 304 He wrote largely on the subject in reviews and magazines.
c. = magazine programme.
1936Radio Times 30 Oct. 88/2 ‘Picture Page’. A Magazine of Topical and General Interest. 1949Ibid. 15 July 12/2 Music Magazine. A weekly review. 1953Ann. Reg. 1952 360 The establishment of the radio magazine New Soundings. 1957B.B.C. Handbk. 153 Family affairs: a weekly magazine for mothers with children. 1975ITV Evidence to Annan Committee 46 A thirty-minute news magazine is taking shape for 6 pm transmission.
6. In various transferred uses of sense 2.
†a. A chamber for a supply of bullets in a ‘magazine wind-gun’.
b. A chamber in a repeating rifle, machine-gun, etc., containing a supply of cartridges which are fed automatically to the breech.
c. A case in which a supply of cartridges is carried.
d. A reservoir or supply-chamber in a machine, stove, battery, etc. Also, in a camera, projector, etc.
e. magnetic magazine: see quot.
a.1744Desaguliers Exper. Philos. II. 399 The small or shooting Barrel, which receives the Bullets one at a time from the Magazine, being a serpentine Cavity, wherein the Bullets..nine or ten, are lodged.
b.1868Rep. to Govt. U.S. Munitions War 28 Drop the cartridges into the outer magazine, ball foremost, to the number of seven. 1884H. Bond Treat. Small Arms 89 Magazine arms in which the cartridges are placed in a tube or magazine under the barrel. 1890Henty With Lee in Virginia 153 Many of the men carried repeating rifles, and the magazines were filled before these were slung across the riders' shoulders. 1915‘I. Hay’ First Hundred Thousand vii. 77 Pumpherston graciously accepted the charger of cartridges.., rammed it into the magazine, adjusted the sights,..and fired his first shot. 1919‘Boyd Cable’ Old Contemptibles xvii. 277 Carruthers..took a box of cartridges from a niche in the wall, and proceeded to recharge his magazine. 1964H. L. Peterson Encycl. Firearms 255/1 This turret system was revived many years later as a practical magazine for the Lewis machine gun.
c.1892Greener Breech Loader 184 Cartridges are best carried in a magazine of solid leather.
d.1873J. Richards Wood-working Factories 45 Exhausting the air from the magazine by fans. 1884Knight Dict. Mech., Suppl. 570/2 As in the Daniells' battery, which has a magazine of sulphate of copper crystals. 1889Judge (U.S.) 22 June 180/2 Every operator can develop and print his own negatives and refill his magazine. 1893Bothamley Ilford Man. Photogr. xix. 136 Hand-cameras..in which the plate-reservoir or magazine is detachable. 1958Amat. Photographer 31 Dec. 3/2 (Advt.), The Hanomatic slide changer is complete with a plastic magazine holding 36 slides. 1964C. Willock Enormous Zoo v. 77 John Buxton used up one magazine of film and then reloaded with terrible precision. 1967H. M. R. Souto Technique Motion Pict. Camera i. 13 The first mechanism has the task of drawing the unexposed film (or raw stock) from the storage chamber, called a magazine, and after exposure, driving it into a similar magazine.
e.1870Atkinson tr. Ganot's Physics (ed. 4) 602 A magnetic battery or magazine consists of a number of magnets joined together by their similar poles.
7. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 5 b) magazine article, magazine-editor, magazine-monger, magazine paper, magazine rack, magazine-reader, magazine table, magazine verse, magazine world, magazine-writer, magazine writing; (senses 1, 2) † magazine house, † magazine storehouse; (sense 1 c) † magazine bag; (sense 6 b) magazine arms, magazine rifle, magazine slot, magazine weapon; magazine battery, a voltaic battery with a magazine containing crystals to keep the solution saturated (Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 1884); magazine camera, a camera in which the plates for exposure are put in in batches; magazine clothing, woollen clothing to be put on before entering a powder magazine; magazine cover, the cover, freq. pictorial, of a magazine; magazine day, the day upon which periodical magazines are issued to the trade; magazine gun, † (a) (see quot. 1744), also called magazine wind-gun (obs.); (b) a gun (i.e. either a cannon or a rifle etc.) provided with a ‘magazine’ (sense 6 b); magazine programme, a periodical broadcast programme comprised of varied items of entertainment linked together as a single series (see quot. 1941); magazine rights, the rights of publishing matter in a magazine; magazine section, a section included in some newspapers the contents of which resemble a magazine; † magazine ship (see 4); magazine story, a story written for publication in a magazine; magazine stove (see quot.); magazine work, (a) writing for magazines; (b) Printing, setting up type for magazines.
1868Rep. to Govt. U.S. Munitions War 19 These cartridges cannot with safety be used in *magazine arms. 1884[see 6 b].
1854S. Lover Handy Andy (ed. 4) Pref., The early pages were written..as a *magazine article.
1681J. Chetham Angler's Vade-m. xxxiv. (1689) 185 The Angler must always have in readiness a large *Magazine Bag or Budget plentifully furnished with the following materials.
1893Beginner's Guide to Photogr. (ed. 5) 130 The..*Magazine Camera was highly extolled..as least complicated of Reservoir Cameras.
1876Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict. 558 All persons employed in magazines..will..change their own clothes and boots for *magazine clothing and slippers.
1938Toronto Daily Star 30 Dec. 12/6 Famous Hollywood Glamour Girls. *Magazine cover models. 1942E. Paul Narrow St. xvi. 124 Mireille was not the most attractive, from the magazine-cover standpoint. 1951M. McLuhan Mech. Bride (1967) 120/2 The feminine images of our ads and magazine covers.
1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, *Magazine-day. 1872Forster Life Dickens I. 129 The magazine-day of that April month, I remember, fell upon a Saturday.
1877W. T. Thornton Word for Word fr. Horace Pref. 8 Failing to discover a *Magazine-Editor good-natured enough to print any of my versions.
1744Desaguliers Exper. Philos. II. 399 An ingenious Workman call'd L. Colbe has very much improv'd it [sc. the old Wind-Gun], by making it a *Magazine Wind-Gun; so that 10 Bullets are so lodg'd in a Cavity..that they may be..successively shot. Ibid., The Magazine-Gun, as he calls it. 1880Encycl. Brit. XI. 284/2 The Vetterli gun..is a repeater or magazine gun.
a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Consid. to Parlt. Wks. (1711) 185 That..the town's *magazine-houses be furnished with arms.
1767S. Paterson Another Trav. II. 134 A noted book-maker, *magazine-monger, and anti⁓critic of the eighteenth-century.
1833Fraser's Mag. VIII. 482/1 He had written some smart *magazine papers, bound up in a volume called Pelham.
1941B.B.C. Gloss. Broadcasting Terms 18 *Magazine programme, programme made up of miscellaneous items (e.g. talks, interviews, musical acts), loosely related one to the other by a compère or by other means of presentation. 1970Times 23 Feb. 25/3 B.B.C. Newcastle..will have its own budget which will be sufficient to allow the production of another 30-minute weekly magazine programme. 1972P. Black Biggest Aspidistra iii. iv. 175 Godfrey Bazely, a Midland Region broadcaster..loved the world of farming... The BBC gave him a new magazine programme aimed at farmers and their families.
1917–18T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Fall & Winter 416/1 Morris Chair... Paper and *magazine rack under arm. 1955E. Bowen World of Love ii. 42 One or two ruched taffeta cushions and a magazine-rack..survived from her few attempts to bring the room into line with her ideas. 1969House & Garden Apr. 160/2 Magazine rack in Afrormosia.
1833Mill Let. 24 Sept. in Works (1963) XII. 179 They would not be attractive to the bulk of *Magazine-readers. 1882W. James Will to Believe (1897) 109 Thousands of innocent magazine readers lie paralyzed and terrified in the network of shallow negations which the leaders of opinion have thrown over their souls.
1876Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict. 344/2 The best known *magazine rifles are the Spencer, the Winchester, and the Vetterli rifles.
1909Westm. Gaz. 14 July 11/2 In America ‘*magazine rights’ did not necessarily mean publication by instalments. The term was used to distinguish magazine rights from newspaper syndicate rights.
1959N. Mailer Advts. for Myself (1961) 158 Sam throws the *Magazine Section away... Sam is enraged at editorial dishonesty. 1969Listener 30 Jan. 148/1 Leavis did not apologise that his terms of reference should be the Robbins Report and Harold Wilson and the magazine sections of the English Sundays.
1910Kipling Land & Sea Tales (1923) 178 The tiny twenty-two cartridge had dropped into the *magazine-slot.
a1654in Wotton Lett. (1654) II. 91 To erect and set up..a Company, to be called The East Indian Company of Scotland, making their first *Magazin Storehouse..in some parts of our Realm of Ireland.
1858J. A. Froude Let. 17 Jan. in J. W. Cross George Eliot's Life (1885) II. viii. 4, I had made acquaintance with ‘Janet's Repentance’, and had found there something extremely different from general *magazine stories. 1885C. M. Yonge Nuttie's Father II. ii. 23 The hero of many a magazine story. 1932Q. D. Leavis Fiction & Reading Public i. iii. 47 The magazine story is almost without exception a commercial article. 1942Magazine story [see exclusive A. adj. 9].
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Magazine-stove, one in which is a fuel-chamber which supplies coal to the fire as that in the grate burns away.
1966H. Roth Button, Button (1967) i. 15 A small, locked safe..unnoticeable..because the top was extended to make it look like a *magazine table. 1967A. Diment Dolly Dolly Spy xi. 145 The magazine table caught them neatly behind the naked knees and..they overbalanced.
1891E. Peacock N. Brendon I. 49 Please don't quote silly *magazine verses.
1884Pall Mall G. 28 Aug. 5/1 The information as to *magazine or repeating weapons is very meagre.
1831Carlyle in Froude Life (1882) II. 151 *Magazine work is below street-sweeping as a trade. 1891Labour Commission Gloss., Magazine Work, printing work paid by the 100 lines.
1833Fraser's Mag. VIII. 482/1 He [Bulwer] came into our *magazine world with an impertinent swagger.
1787P. Maty tr. Riesbeck's Trav. Germ. II. xlv. 206 Reviewers, *magazine-writers.
1835Marryat Olla Podr. xxx, *Magazine writing..is the most difficult of all writing.
▪ II. magaˈzine, v. Now rare.
[f. magazine n.]
1. trans. To lay up in or as in a magazine or storehouse. Also with up.
1643Let. in Boys Sandwich (1792) 754 Those arms..shall be magazined up, in such convenient place as shall be thought fit. 1651R. Child in Hartlib's Legacy (1655) 93 It is a great Deficiency in England, that we do not magazine or store up Corn. 1656S. H. Golden Law 97 Thus the Sweden King, so the great Alexander,..did contract and magazine al the Honour &c. in their own names, which..their Commanders, Officers, and Souldiery had a great share in. a1734North Exam. i. iii. (1740) 222 Such Secrets..that, being magazined up in a Diary, might serve for Materials, as..might serve to build up his Plot.
2. intr. To conduct a magazine.
a1763[implied in the ppl. a. below].
Hence magaˈzining vbl. n. and ppl. a.
a1763Byrom Pass. Particip. Petit. i. Poems 1773 I. 106 Urban or Sylvan,..thou foremost in the Fame Of Magazining Chiefs. 1862Dana Man. Geol. iv. 747 The Vegetable Kingdom is a provision for the storing away or magazining of force for the Animal Kingdom. |