| 释义 |
tachy-|ˈtækɪ|
combining form of Gr. ταχύ-ς swift, used in the formation of some scientific terms. tachhydrite, tachydrite, Min., [ad. Ger. tachhydrit (Rammelsberg 1856), contr. for *tachyhydrit, f. Gr. ὕδωρ water + -ite1: from its property of deliquescing readily], a chloride of calcium and magnesium found at Stassfurt in Prussian Saxony. ˈtachydiˌdaxy [Gr. δίδαξις teaching]: see quot. ˈtachydrome [Gr. -δροµ-ος -running, -runner, δρόµος a race-course], anglicized form of Tachydromus, Illiger's name for the ornithological genus Cursorius, a small group of birds allied to the Plovers; = courser3; so tachyˈdromian, a bird of this group; taˈchydromous a., of the tachydromes; cursorial. ˈtachygen Biol. [-gen1], the sudden appearance of an organ in evolution; the part so appearing (Webster Suppl. 1902); so tachyˈgenesis [-genesis], acceleration in development by the shortening or suppression of intervening stages; tachygeˈnetic a., of or exhibiting tachygenesis; tachyˈgenic a., appearing or developing suddenly (Webster Suppl. 1902). tachyˈglossal a. Zool. [Gr. γλῶσσα tongue], of a tongue: capable of being quickly thrust forth and retracted, as that of the ant-eater; so tachyˈglossate a., having a tachyglossal tongue; pertaining to the Tachyglossidæ, a family of aculeate monotrematous mammals, of which the typical genus Tachyglossus contains the Echidna or porcupine ant-eater of Australia; tachyˈglossid, an animal of this family. tachyˈiater [Gr. ἰᾱτρός healer], ‘one who cures speedily’ (Syd. Soc. Lex. 1898); hence tachyˈiatry, the art of quick healing (ibid.). tachymeˈtabolism Zool. (see quot. 1973); hence ˌtachymetaˈbolic a. taˈchypetous a. [πετ-, stem of πέτεσθαι to fly + -ous], swift-flying (Mayne Expos. Lex. 1860). ˌtachyphyˈlaxis Pharm. [mod.L., ad. F. tachyphylaxie (Champy & Gley 1911, in Compt. Rend. Soc. de Biol. LXXI. 161), f. Gr. ϕύλαξις protection], a rapidly diminishing response to successive doses of a drug. tachypnœa |tækɪˈpniːə| [Gr. -πνοια, f. πνέ-ειν to breathe], hurried or unusually rapid respiration; hence tachyˈpnœic a. Med., exhibiting tachypnœa. ˈtachyscope [-scope], a kind of kinetoscope, in which a series of representations of an object in successive phases of motion are rapidly revolved, so as to present the appearance of actual motion. tachyˈthanatous a. [Gr. θάνατος death + -ous], killing quickly, rapidly fatal. taˈchytomy, tachyˈotomy [Gr. τοµή a cutting], the art of rapid surgical or anatomical operation. tachyˈzoite Zool., [-zoite], one form of the protozoon toxoplasma (see quot. 1973).
1866Brande & Cox Dict. Sci., etc. II. 532/3 *Tachydrite. 1868Dana Min. 119 Tachhydrite... Color yellowish. Transparent to translucent. Very deliquescent on exposure.
1846Worcester, *Tachydidaxy, a short method of teaching. Scudamore.
1842Brande Dict. Sci., etc. *Tachydromians, the name of a family of wading birds, of which the genus *Tachydromus is the type.
1860Mayne Expos. Lex. 1247/1 Having the Tachydromus for their type: tachydromous.
1893Hyatt in Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 77 Thus, from Cope's point of view, *tachygenesis is the law of progression, and retardation is the law of retrogression, and they are both essential parts of his law of acceleration and retardation.
Ibid. 79 Normal types in which tachygenesis occurs in a marked way might be called *tachygenetic.
1891Cent. Dict., *Tachyglossal, *Tachyglossate.
1974Nature 13 Sept. 143/2 Already at this early age the dog is *tachymetabolic. 1978Ibid. 5 Oct. 441/1 The central nervous system (CNS) is very sensitive to elevated temperatures, and consequently, both bradymetabolic and tachymetabolic terrestrial vertebrates have evolved physiological mechanisms which effect localised cooling of the brain.
1973Bligh & Johnson in Jrnl. Appl. Physiol. XXXV. 954/2 *Tachymetabolism: The high level of basal metabolism of birds and mammals relative to those of reptiles and other nonavian and nonmammalian animals of the same body weight and at the same tissue temperature... Synonym: Warm-Blooded. Antonym: Bradymetabolism, Cold-Blooded.
1911Index Medicus IX. Index of Subjects 214/2 *Tachyphylaxis. 1947F. K. Oldham et al. Essent. Pharmacol. xi. 132 Its [sc. ephedrine's] disadvantages include..the lessened effect of repeated doses (tachyphylaxis). 1979Nature 29 Nov. 515/2 The response to DAEA showed neither desensitisation during a 3-min exposure period nor tachyphylaxis with repeated applications.
1898Syd. Soc. Lex., *Tachypnœa. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 109 There is an hysterical dyspnœa, or rather tachypnœa; the respirations are hurried.
1961Webster, *Tachypneic. 1976Lancet 13 Nov. 1083/1 He was not cyanotic or tachypnœic.
1889Sci. Amer. 16 Nov. 310/1 Mr. Anschuetz has invented apparatus by means of which these [animated] pictures may be exhibited in a very perfect manner. This instrument..is known as the ‘electrical *tachyscope’.
1860Mayne Expos. Lex., *Tachythanatous. 1890in Billings Nat. Med. Dict.
1898Syd. Soc. Lex., *Tachyotomy, *Tachytomy.
1973J. K. Frenkel in Hammond & Long Coccidia 344/1, I am introducing two other terms: ‘*tachyzoites’ for the rapidly multiplying forms of the acute infection, previously called trophozoites, aggregations, and proliferative forms; and ‘bradyzoites’ for the slowly multiplying encysted forms characteristic of chronic infection, which have been variously called merozoites or just zoites. 1979Biol. Abstr. LXVIII. 7579/1 Probably most toxoplasmosis infections involve the ingestion of cat feces bearing cysts and oocytes rather than contact with tachyzoites. |