| 释义 |
▪ I. zest, n.1|zɛst|
Also 8 zist.
[a. F. zeste, earlier † zest, † zec, ‘the thicke skin, or filme whereby the kernell of a wall-nut is diuided’ (Cotgr.), also orange or lemon peel; of obscure origin. Cf. Walloon zess, Pg. zeste.
The sense given in Chambers Cycl. 1728, ‘the woody, thick Skin, quartering the Kernel of a Walnut’, is taken from French, and was not in English use.]
1. Orange or lemon peel used as a flavouring or for preserving; also, the oil squeezed from such peel to flavour liquor, etc. Also in Fr. form zeste (see etym.).
1674Blount Glossogr. (ed. 4), Zest (Fr.) the pill of an Orange, or such like, squeesed into a glass of wine, to give it a relish. 1712tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs I. 150 Citron Oil..is made..by the Zest or the rasping or grating of the Citron Peel. 1747Wesley Prim. Physick (1755) 70 Pour into the Palm of the Hand a little Brandy, with some Zist of Lemon. 1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. II. 173 To prepare lemon-juice you must first carefully remove the zest and then the white part. 1903Gilchrist Beggar's Manor ii, As he..fastidiously deprived the oranges of their zest. 1958L. Durrell Mountolive viii. 162 How good the taste of Dubonnet with a zeste de citron. 1967Guardian 3 Feb. 8/5 The thin outer skin of oranges, known as the zest. 1974Homes & Gardens Jan. 68/2 Add candied peel, lemon zeste, salt and nutmeg and mix. 1979N. Gordimer Burger's Daughter ii. 269 He had fished the slice of lemon out of the bottom of his glass and was gobbling the skin with a mouth drawn by the zest. 1981Family Weekly (U.S.) 12 July 10/3 Grated zest of 1 lemon. 1982J. Grigson Fruit Bk. 256 Orange juice and a little zest can also be added to tomato and carrot soups.
2. fig. Something that imparts a relish, savour, or piquancy; a piquant quality which adds to the enjoyment or agreeableness of something.
1709Mrs. Manley Secret Mem. 107 Monsieur St. Amant lov'd nothing so tenderly as he did the Baron;..he was the Zest to all his Pleasures. 1728Vanbr. & Cib. Prov. Husb. iii. i, A smart Repartee, with a Zest of Recrimination at the Head of it, makes the prettiest Sherbet. 1742Young Nt. Th. ix. 1211 The Life of life, the Zest of worldly bliss. 1819Keats To Fanny 6 That sweet minor zest Of love, your kiss. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. II. 134 There was a quaintness too, mingled with all this revelry, that gave it a peculiar zest. 1862Thackeray Philip xvi, The sense that, perhaps, it was imprudent to take a cab or drink a bottle of wine, added a zest to those enjoyments. 1873Helps Anim. & Mast. viii. 207 The difference of character should have given a zest to companionship, not destroyed it.
3. a. Keen relish or enjoyment displayed in speech or action; the pleasure of enjoying something; gusto. Usually const. for.
1791Boswell Johnson 20 Sept. an. 1777, If I were to reside in London, the exquisite zest with which I relished it in occasional visits might go off. 1831Sir J. Sinclair Corr. II. 358 After travelling..for two or three days alone, when he arrives at an inn, it gives him a greater zest for society. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. xix, She went to a lying-in or a laying-out with equal zest. 1854Thackeray Newcomes i, The zest of life was certainly keener. 1895Salmond Chr. Doctr. Immort. i. vii. 119 The Greek people had an almost unrivalled zest for life.
b. phr. to your zest, to your taste or liking. rare.
1817Byron Beppo xii, That picture..Is loveliest to my mind of all the Show; It may perhaps be also to your zest.
4. transf. Something which furnishes a relish or provides a savoury addition to a meal; an appetizer; also, a relish, a piquant flavour.
1835Dickens Sk. Boz, Miss Evans & Eagle, Mr. Wilkins had brought a pint of shrimps..to give a zest to the meal [sc. tea]. 1848Newman Loss & Gain 154, ‘I like these rides into the country’, said Vincent, as they began eating;..‘it is exquisite as a zest’. 1848Dickens Dombey xxvi, The Native had private zests and flavours on a side-table, with which the Major daily scorched himself. 1856Kane Arctic Expl. II. xxvii. 273 We..renewed the zest of the table with the best salad in the world—raw eggs and cochlearia. 1876M. E. Braddon Dead Men's Shoes i, For a cheap relish, a zest which shall make bread and butter supply the place of dinner, your fishmonger is your best friend.
Hence ˈzestful a., full of zest, characterized by piquancy or keen relish or enjoyment; whence ˈzestfully adv., ˈzestfulness.
1850Fraser's Mag. XLII. 345 A zestful sort of place in which to spend a fortnight. 1857Ibid. LVI. 601 How..shall any man..abridge..twenty volumes of such zestful personalities? 1872C. King Mountain. Sierra Nev. xi. 241 While we chatted and ate zestfully portions [of meat] not too freely brecciated with lava sand. 1897Jacobs Skipper's Wooing i, He bent over and with much zestful splashing began his ablutions. 1882Illustr. Lond. News 30 Sept. 350/2 The zestfulness of its Radicalism is not lessened.
▪ II. † zest, n.2 Obs. rare—1.
= siesta.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Zest..sometimes taken for a short Afternoon's Sleep or Nap: as To go to one's Zest.
▪ III. zest, v.|zɛst|
[f. zest n.1]
1. trans. To flavour with ‘zest’; to add a relish to; to give a piquant quality to; also fig.
1704Cibber Careless Husb. iii. 56 My Lord, when my Wine's Right I never care it shou'd be Zested. 1709Mrs. Manley Secret Mem. (1720) IV. Ded. p. vii, Heaven is sometimes pleased with Bitterness to Zest the Bowl of Bliss! 1737J. Hervey Mem. Reign Geo. II (1848) II. xxx. 288 Many more expressions not quite so strongly zested, though but few degrees weaker. 1760Goldsm. Ess. Misc. Wks. 1837 I. 327 Hundreds sunk to the bottom by one broadside, furnish out the topic of the day, and zest his coffee. 1862Meredith Marian ii, Ye who zest the turtle's nest With the eagle's eyrie. 1871H. Marshall For very Life i. i, One autumn morning, zested with a sharp frosty feeling.
†2. [after F. zester.] (See quot.) Obs.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), To Zest an Orange or Lemon, (among Confectioners) is to cut the Peel from top to bottom into small Slips, as thin as it can possibly be done.
Hence ˈzested ppl. a.
1769Goldsm. Rom. Hist. II. 74 One circumstance that might well..teach mankind to relish the beverage of virtue..above their most zested enjoyments. 1801Lusignan III. 131 The most zested enjoyments of vice.
▪ IV. † zest, int. Obs.
[Cf. F. zest int.]
An exclamation accompanying quick action.
1705Vanbrugh Confed. iii. i, Oons the old Woman—Zest.
▪ V. zest
s.w. dial. f. 2nd pers. sing. pres. of say v.1
1602Contention betw. Lib. & Prod. i. iv, Bur Lady, zonne, zest true. |