| 释义 |
liturgy|ˈlɪtədʒɪ|
Also 6–7 leitourgie, leiturgie, -y, liturgie.
[ad. med.L. lītūrgia, a. Gr. λειτουργία public service, service of the gods, public worship, f. λειτουργός (also ληιτ-, Hesych.) public servant, minister, f. *λεῖτο-ς (believed to be a var. of *λήιτος, public, recorded in the subst. uses λήιτον public hall, λήιτη, λήτη priestess; app. a derivative of λεώς, λαός people) + -εργος that works. Cf. F. liturgie (16th c.).]
1. (With capital initial.) The service of the Holy Eucharist: properly applied to the rite of the Eastern Church. In liturgics, used spec. (with qualification) of the different types of Eucharistic service.
1560Becon Catech. v. Wks. 1564 I. 462 b, In the Liturgie of the Ethiopes we reade thus. So sone as the Gospel is ended, the Deacon sayth [etc.]. 1564Harding Answ. to Jewel's Challenge 105 Basile in his liturgie, that is to saye, seruice of his Masse, sayeth thus in a prayer. 1565Jewel Repl. Harding 10 St. James Liturgie hath a special prayer for them that liue in Monasteries. 1635E. Pagitt Christianogr. 73 They use the Liturgie of Saint Chrysostome. 1843Pusey Serm. Holy Euch. 25 The Liturgies join together, manifoldly, remission of sins and life eternal, as the two great fruits of the Sacrament. 1890Ch. Q. Rev. Jan. 288 The revision of the Scottish ‘Liturgy’ or Communion Office.
2. A form of public worship, esp. in the Christian Church; a collection of formularies for the conduct of Divine service. † Also, public worship conducted in accordance with a prescribed form.
c1593Exam. H. Barowe, etc. B j b, Wither he thinketh that any Leitourgies, or prescript formes of prayer, may be imposed vpon the church. 1594Hooker Eccl. Pol. iv. xi. §9 The Church in her liturgies hath intermingled with readings out of the New Testament lessons taken out of the Law and the Prophets. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. xxv. §20 Four main branches of divinity; faith, manners, liturgy, and government. 1640Bp. Hall Humb. Remonstr. 9 The prime subjects of their quarrell, and contradiction, Leitourgie and Episcopacy. 1657–61Heylin Hist. Ref. II. Pref. 47 The Smectymnian..rather chose to fell down Liturgie it self as having no authority from the Word of God. 1704Swift Mech. Operation Spirit Misc. (1711) 290 Their Discretion in limiting their Devotions and their Deities to their several Districts, nor ever suffering the Liturgy of the white God to cross or interfere with that of the black. 1854Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Quot. & Orig. Wks. (Bohn) III. 214 The psalms and liturgies of churches, are..of this slow growth. 1885A. M. Fairbairn Catholicism ii. iv. 73 Organs and liturgies have found a home in the land and church of Knox.
fig.1630B. Jonson New Inn iii. ii, The Liturgie of Loue, Ouid de arte amandi. 1651Hobbes Leviath. i. xii. 54 Charming, and Conjuring (the Leiturgy of Witches). 1784Cowper Task vi. 679 For Garrick was a worshipper himself; He drew the liturgy, and framed the rites And solemn ceremonial of the day.
b. Chiefly with the: The Book of Common Prayer.
1629Prynne Ch. Eng. 128 That worthy Arch-Bishop Cranmer caused our Leiturgy to be translated into Latine. c1646Milton Sonnet, On new forcers Consc., Because you have thrown of your Prelate Lord, And with stiff Vowes renounc'd his Liturgie. 1688S. Penton Guardian's Instruct. (1897) 35 The simple, full and significant style of the Liturgy. 1704Nelson Fest. & Fasts (1739) Prelim. Instruction 2, K. Charles 2. issued out a Commission for the reviewing of the Liturgy. 1828Macaulay Hallam Ess. (1887) 64 To this circumstance she [the Church of England] owes..her noble and pathetic liturgy. 1843Borrow Bible in Spain (ed. 2) III. xii. 222 It was Sunday..and I happened to be reading the Liturgy.
3. Gr. Antiq. At Athens, a public office or duty which the richer citizens discharged at their own expense.
1836Lytton Athens (1837) II. 461 The State received the aid of..what were termed liturgies from individuals. 1847Grote Greece ii. xi. III. 159 The Liturgies of the State, as they were called, unpaid functions such as the trierarchy, choregy, gymnasiarchy, which entailed expence and trouble upon the holder of them. 1880Sat. Rev. 25 Dec. 790 It was a species of liturgy—a voluntary contribution to a great public object.
4. attrib. and Comb.
1641Milton Animadv. 25 The principall scope of those Liturgie-founders was to prevent either the malice or the weaknesse of the Ministers. 1711Countrey-Man's Lett. to Curat 48 Make him a Church of England or Liturgie-Man, the best way you ever can. 1901Westm. Gaz. 22 Aug. 10/1 The liturgy-melodies..can now again be given in their original purity.
Hence † liturgy v. rare—1, trans., to conduct by means of the Liturgy.
1716M. Davies Athen. Brit. III. 10 All the Presbyterians..unanimously agree to go to the Church-Service, to be Liturgy'd into Wedlock and into the Grave. |