| 释义 |
▪ I. yawl, n.1|jɔːl|
Forms: 7 yaule, yale, 7–8 yall, yaul, 8 yawle, (youghall), 8–9 yole, yoal, yoll, 7– yawl.
[app. ad. MLG. jolle (LG. jolle, jölle, jelle), or Du. jol (17th c.) explained by Sewel, 1708, as ‘a Jutland boat’, whence dim. jolleken (1660, Hexham), cf. Sw. julle, Da. jolle; of unknown origin. F. yole, † iol(e, It. jolo, Russ. yal are from Germanic.]
1. A ship's boat resembling a pinnace, but somewhat smaller, usually with four or six oars.
1670Covel in Early Voy. Levant (Hakl. Soc.) 131 Next morning our Captain and I..went on shore in the yale betimes. 1685Lond. Gaz. No. 2054/3 The Larks Boat being Commanded by Captain Leightons Brother, the Bonadventures Pinnace by Mr. Harrises accompanied with Mr. Littleton, and the Yaule by Mr. Brisbane. 1687W. Hedges Diary (Hakl. Soc.) I. 240 Capt. Milborne, perceiving y⊇ Hazard, came off in his Yall to our assistance. 1742Woodroofe in Hanway Trav. (1762) I. ii. xvii. 76 We had..a long-boat of five tuns, and a yaul, each with six oars. 1775Dalrymple in Phil. Trans. LXVIII. 397 Hove the ship to, and sent jolly boat and yawl in search of him. 1776Pennsylvania Even. Post 4 June 280/2 A small Youghall belonging to some vessel. 1834Marryat P. Simple xxxiii, The launch, yawl, first and second cutters, were the boats appointed for the expedition. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Yawl..In the British navy it is the fifth boat in point of size; the others being the launch, long-boat, barge, and pinnace.
2. A small sailing-boat of the cutter class, with a jigger.
1684Lond. Gaz. No. 1898/4 Some Deal men have tried to go off to her in one of our Yaules. 1692Ibid. No. 2808/4 A Deale built Yawl with 6 Oars. 1713Order in Council 13 Sept. in Lond. Gaz. No. 5155/1 There came on Board the said Bark Seven Men in a Deal-Yawl. 1798Cruttwell Gazetteer (1808) III. s.v. Orkney, The inhabitants..sail from island to island in small boats, called yoals. 1873Daily News 22 Aug., The Pantomime takes the schooners' prize, the Oimara that for cutters, and the Florinda for yawls.
3. A small kind of fishing-boat.
1670J. Smith Eng. Improv. Reviv'd 254 The Commodities of Shotland which the Inhabitants do for the most part Trade withal is Ling and Cod, which they take with Hooks and Lines in small Boats, called Yalls, about the bigness of Gravesend Oars. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. iii. (1858) 42 All sorts of barques and carvels, from the fishing yawl to the frigate. 1865Leeds Mercury 22 Feb., Three more of the fishing yawls being missing.
4. attrib. and Comb.
1865Guardian 17 May 478 A yawl-boat was landed bottom up from the hurricane-deck upon the heads of those below. 1881M. E. Braddon Asph. xvi, His little yawl-rigged yacht. 1894Hall Caine Manxman vi. i, Pete began to think of buying a Dandie, which being smaller than a Nickey, and of yawl rig, he could sail of himself.
▪ II. yawl, n.2|jɔːl|
[f. yawl v.1]
An act of ‘yawling’; a shout, yell.
1728Fielding Love in several Masques iv. ii, To me, the Turkish Yawl at an On-set, the Irish Howl at a Funeral, or the Indian Exclamation at an Eclipse, are all soft Musick to that single Noise.
▪ III. yawl, v.1 Now dial.|jɔːl|
Forms: 4–5 ȝaule, 4, 7–8 yall, 6 yalle, 6–7 yaule, yawle, 7–8 yaul, 8–9 yole, 7– yawl.
[Parallel to yowl, with alternation of vowel designed to express a variety of the sound echoed. Cf. LG. jaueln (of cats).]
1. intr.
a. To cry out loudly from pain, grief, or distress: also said of the howling of dogs, the ‘wauling’ of cats, the screaming of peacocks.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1453 He hurtez of þe houndez, & þay Ful ȝomerly ȝaule & ȝelle. c1395Plowman's Tale 386 To catche catell as covytous As hound, that for hunger woll yall [rime fall]. c1400Anturs Arth. ix, Hit ȝaulut, hit ȝamurt, lyke a woman. Ibid. vii. (Douce MS.) There come a lede of þe lawe..Ȝauland and ȝomerand, with many loude ȝelles. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 178 In hels abisse: Where they may yaule and yarme til that they burst. 1621J. Taylor (Water P.) Begger B iv, I (like many other froward boyes) Would yaule, and baule, and make a wawling noyse. 1681Hickeringill Sin Man-Catching i. 16 The little Peacocks shreame out and yawle amain, pluming themselves. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia s.v., The cry of a peacock is an excellent instance of yawling. 1833Tennyson Goose ix, Then yelp'd the cur, and yawl'd the cat. 1870E. Peacock Ralf Skirl. II. 193 Give a look to that bairn, it yawls sorely.
b. To call aloud, shout, bawl, scream, vociferate.
1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 288 Cato right eagrely yallyng at Pompeius. 1620Quarles Feast for Wormes iii. D ij b, The haplesse Pylot..mainly calls; Calls Ionah, Ionah; and yet lowder yawles. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 405 They all ran skreaming and yawling away. 1808Jamieson, To Yaul, to yell.
transf.1575Gammer Gurton ii. i, My gutts they yawle crawle and all my belly rumbleth.
2. trans.
a. (with simple obj. or obj. clause.) To shout out, utter with shouting.
1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 172 b, Thei..whiche yalle and rore, that learnyng..is vtterly nothyng auailable to the gouernaunce..of a commenweale. 1613Wither Abuses Stript ii. iii. Q vj b, Such as haue yauld Ergo in the schooles. Ibid., Scourge V ij b, The nimble Tapster..Still yalling, here, anon sir, by and by. 1679Pol. Ball. (1860) I. 220 They baul and they yaul aloud thro' the whole town The rights to succession and claims to the Crown. 1859Habits of Gd. Society v. (new ed.) 217 A man..should never yawl out the namby-pamby ballads beloved of young ladies.
b. (with compl.) To bring into a specified state by ‘yawling’.
a1627Middleton Widow ii. i, Ile make 'em yaul one an other deaf, but ile have thee.
Hence ˈyawling vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1568Hist. Jacob & Esau i. i. A ij, The deuill stoppe that same yallyng throte..Somwhiles. 1598Sylvester Du Bartas ii. ii. ii. Babylon 228 Nigh breathlesse all, with their confuséd yawling. 1619Pasquil's Palin. (1877) 146 Young Beagles..Whose yawling throats will never let him sleepe. 1715C'tess D'Aunoy's Wks. 454 The hideous Outcries that he made, and his continual Yauling. 1719D'Urfey Pills III. 31 A Wife, That makes him weary of his Life With Scolding, yoleing in the House.
▪ IV. yawl, v.2 nonce-wd.
[f. yawl n.1]
trans. To convey in a yawl.
1884‘Mark Twain’ Huck. Finn xxiv, When we got to the village, they yawled us ashore.
▪ V. yawl|jɔːl, jɑːl|
repr. (Southern) U.S. pronunc. of y'all pers. pron.
1919Dialect Notes V. 40 Yawl,..you-all. 1938C. Himes in Black on Black (1973) 167 Why doesn't yuh git happy an' praise de Lawd? Doesn' yawl know who Ah is? 1978J. R. Gaskin in Sewanee Rev. LXXXVI. 426 Dillard accounts for y'awl, or you all, not as the simple concatenation of two English forms.
▪ VI. yawl
var. yauld a. |