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▪ I. Lewis, n.3|ˈluːɪs|
[f. the name of the inventor, Col. Isaac Newton Lewis (1858–1931) of the U.S. Army.]
In full, Lewis (machine) gun. A light, magazine-fed, gas-operated, and air-cooled machine gun. So Lewis-gunner and other attrib. and Comb. uses.
1913Aeroplane 4 Dec. 606 The Lewis Machine-Gun. 1914E. A. Powell Fighting in Flanders iii. 72 The Lewis gun..is air-cooled. 1916War Illustr. V. 11/2 Lewis gun⁓team. 1917Ibid. VI. 466 A ‘Lewis’ gunner. 1919King's Royal Rifle Corps Chron. 1916 81 Stokes mortars and Lewis gun fire subdued the enemy's resistance. 1923Kipling Irish Guards in Gt. War I. 134 Strong training at bombing and Lewis-gunnery. 1926T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (1935) xv. 104 If we strengthened them by light automatic guns of the Lewis type..they might be capable of holding their hills. 1937Granta 3 Feb. 219/1 Memories of John taking command of two Lewis gun crews in a dispersal under barrage fire. 1946[see Bren]. 1964H. L. Peterson Encycl. Firearms 190/1 The Lewis machine gun..was the first machine gun ever fired from an airplane (1912), and it was adapted for ground and naval use as well. 1974M. Butterworth Man in Sopwith Camel vi. 58 Flip the cocking handles of the twin Lewises.
▪ II. Lewis, n.4 Chem.|ˈluːɪs|
[The name of Gilbert Newton Lewis (1875–1946), U.S. chemist, who introduced the concepts.]
Lewis acid, any compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound; similarly Lewis base, one which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.
1944I. M. Kolthoff in Jrnl. Physical Chem. XLVIII. 54 The following terminology is suggested. Acids which satisfy the Lewis definition are called Lewis acids or proto-acids. 1961G. R. Choppin Exper. Nuclear Chem. ix. 148 Ketones, ethers and many other oxygen containing organic solvents may act as Lewis bases. 1962Cotton & Wilkinson Adv. Inorg. Chem. x. 179 Various Lewis bases, such as amines, phosphines, ethers, and sulfides, form 1:1 complexes with BX3 compounds. Ibid. 180 There is good evidence that the relative strengths of the boron halides as Lewis acids are in the order BBr3 ≥ BCl3 > BF3. 1969Lowrie & Campbell-Ferguson Inorg. & Physical Chem. xix. 219/2 All Brønsted acids and bases are also Lewis acids and bases respectively. However, the term Lewis acid can be applied to substances which do not contain protons and are not therefore Brønsted acids. 1973J. J. Lagowski Mod. Inorg. Chem. xiv. 522 Cationic halogen species can be stabilized by Lewis bases. |