| 释义 |
relativize, v.|ˈrɛlətɪvaɪz|
[f. relative a. + -ize.]
1. Physics. To render or treat according to the principles and results of the theory of relativity.
1935J. Dougall tr. Born's Atomic Physics iv. 84 Before Einstein, no one ever hesitated to speak of the simultaneous occurrence of two events... Einstein proved that this concept must be ‘relativized’, since two events may be simultaneous in one frame of reference, but take place at different times in another. 1956E. H. Hutten Lang. Mod. Physics iii. 108 If we can make a uniform motion into an accelerated one, with a stroke of the pen so to speak, it means that the concept of force becomes relativised.
2. To render relative; to make something relative to, or dependent on, something else. Freq. in Philos. and Linguistics.
1937T. Parsons Struct. Soc. Action xi. 447 His [sc. Durkheim's] theory of religion, by associating it with the social type, relativized another great body of phenomena. 1948L. Spitzer Linguistics & Lit. Hist. 81 The pun is a bifocal manner of expression which relaxes and relativizes the firmness with which language usually appears to speaking man. 1966J. J. Katz Philos. Lang. ii. 14 The philosopher of language..need not restrict his philosophical solutions and claims by relativizing them to the conceptual systems. 1976Language LII. 285 Kuhn proposes to relativize the notion of science. 1978F. Burton Politics of Legitimacy iii. 87 The raid that evening served to relativize the type of criticism that Jimmy was making.
Hence ˈrelativized ppl. a.
1972Language XLVIII. 306 This [sc. receiving primary stress] should happen, for example, if the relativized NP were the subject of an embedded intransitive sentence. 1977Ibid. LIII. 94 Ross formulates the relativization rule in such a way that it always involves movement of the relativized NP out of the sentence dominating the rest of the relative clause.
Add: ˈrelatiˌvizer n., one who or that which relativizes; spec. in Linguistics, a relative word or form; ˈrelatiˌvizing vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1969P. L. Berger Rumor of Angels ii. 35 (heading) The perspective of Sociology: Relativizing the Relativizers. 1975Foundations of Lang. XIII. 297 One of the three relativizing morphemes of the language. 1976Language & Lang. Behavior Abstr. X. 671/2 Conditions of use of the relativizer morphemes. 1978R. E. Terwilliger in P. Moore Man, Woman, & Priesthood x. 140 This relativizing of Jesus sometimes became quite radical. 1986National Rev. 14 Feb. 34/1 Ecumenism has been viewed by many traditionalists as a liberalizing and relativizing enterprise. 1987English World-Wide VIII. 246 Most are similar to English constructions in which the noun relativizer that or who is deleted. 1988N.Y. Times 21 June a16/4 Her argument is..that the Holocaust revisionists..could become part of what she calls the ‘relativizing’ of the Nazis' actions. |