| 释义 |
kerogen Petrogr.|ˈkɛrədʒən|
[f. Gr. κηρό-ς wax + -gen.]
Orig., the carbonaceous material in oil shale that gives rise to crude oil on distillation; in later use extended to denote any organic material in sedimentary rock which, like the oil-yielding kind, is insoluble in the usual organic solvents.
1906D. R. Steuart in H. M. Cadell et al. Oil-Shales of Lothians iii. 142 We are indebted to Professor Crum Brown, F.R.S., for suggesting the term Kerogen to express the carbonaceous matter in shale that gives rise to crude oil in distillation. 1923P. E. Spielmann Genesis of Petroleum ii. 17 In some cases it may have been that kerogen consisting of unicellular algae and of spores like those of the lycopods, had actually been distilled. 1941Jrnl. Inst. Petroleum XXVII. 426 The term ‘kerogen’..is merely a convenient name for the organic matter from which oil is obtained when rocks containing it are heated; hence the kerogens of different deposits may be chemically different. Ibid. 427 The insolubility of kerogen in organic solvents is a characteristic property which serves to distinguish true kerogen rocks from such materials as oil- or tar-sands, bituminous limestones, etc. 1958Habitat of Oil (Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geol.) 758 Kerogens isolated from the marine rocks were obtained as very fine, amorphous, soft powders that varied from dark brown to jet black... When the samples were heated in an open test tube only small amounts of an oily distillate were formed. 1961Fuel XL. 387 Colorado oil-shale kerogen is predominantly a cyclic material, highly saturated with hydrogen, and contains oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur atoms associated with ring structures. 1963J. P. Forsman in I. A. Breger Org. Geochem. v. 148 The term ‘kerogen’..may be defined as the insoluble organic matter occurring in sedimentary rocks. Ibid., Since the dividing line between oil shales and other rocks is rather arbitrary, there appears to be no logical reason for restricting the name ‘kerogen’ to a certain rock type. 1968Times 16 Nov. 9/6 The most ancient kerogen yet known comes from the Fig Tree System of rocks in Swaziland, thought to be 3,100 million years old. |