| 释义 |
▪ I. intemperate, a.|ɪnˈtɛmpərət|
[ad. L. intemperāt-us untempered, inclement, immoderate, f. in- (in-3) + temperātus, pa. pple. of temperāre to temper. Primarily, as derived from a passive pple., applied to things, actions, etc.; thence transferred to persons = intemperant.]
1. Not temperate, excessive, extreme; esp., of climate or weather, inclement, severe. Now rare.
intemperate zone, the Torrid or Frigid zone, as opposed to the Temperate zone.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 107, I wyll..not departe for all this intemperate heate. 1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. iii. 502 The two intemperate zones. 1690Leybourn Curs. Math. 463 The Zones are either Temperate or Intemperate, and the Intemperate are either Cold or Hot. c1817Hogg Tales & Sk. II. 139 A cold intemperate mind.
2. Of persons, their actions, or habits: Without temperance or moderation; going beyond due bounds; immoderate, unbridled; violent.
1508Kennedie Flyting w. Dunbar 522 Traitour, tyran intemperate. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. vii. 60 Vnto all that live in high degree, Ensample be of mind intemperate. 1688Col. Rec. Pennsylv. I. 271 Many intemperate Speeches and passages happend. 1777Watson Philip II (1839) 187 The most unhappy consequences, which would otherwise have arisen from the intemperate zeal of the reformers. 1799Hook in Gurw. Wellington's Desp. (1837) I. 40 General Baird requested permission to withdraw his intemperate appeal. 1875Helps Ess., Choice & Managem. Agents 76 You will often find that men who are intemperate in speech are cautious in writing.
3. Characterized by or addicted to excessive indulgence in a passion or appetite.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 258 Unfructuous talkyng, intemperat diete. 1522More De quat. Noviss. Wks. 100 Through intemperate liuing driue our self in sicknes. 1603Shakes. Meas. for M. v. i. 98 His concupiscible intemperate lust. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Warres 239 Several Diseases raged among them, springing chiefly from intemperate Drinking. 1846Ruskin Mod. Paint. II. iii. i. ii. §4 Men are held intemperate, only when their desires overcome or prevent the action of their reason; and they are indeed intemperate in the exact degree in which such prevention or interference takes place.
b. spec. Given to the immoderate use of intoxicating drink; addicted to drinking.
1677Temple Cure of Gout Wks. 1720 I. 145, I do not allow the pretence of Temperance to all such as are seldom or never drunk..Men may..be intemperate every Day, without being drunk perhaps once in their Lives. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 294/2 Intemperate persons..care not which End goes first so they can get Drink. 1790–3Beattie Moral Sc. iii. iii. §3 (R.) Men, habitually intemperate, justly forfeit the esteem of their fellow-citizens; because they disqualify themselves for every duty. 1846G. E. Day tr. Simon's Anim. Chem. II. 254 A man..of a muscular frame and good constitution, but of intemperate habits.
▪ II. † inˈtemperate, v. Obs. rare—1.
Pa. pple. in 7 intemperate.
[f. prec.: see -ate3.]
trans. To render intemperate; to disorder, distemper.
1654T. Whitaker Blood of Grape 92 The fifth age is virill, and the media between young and old age; yet doth it not so participate of either, as to affect, or intemperate it [ed. 1638 p. 44 as that it is intemperate, or infected thereby]. |