| 释义 |
mitigation|mɪtɪˈgeɪʃən|
[ad. L. mītigātiōnem, n. of action f. mītigāre to mitigate. Cf. F. mitigation from 14th c.)]
The action of mitigating; the fact or condition of being mitigated.
1. Abatement or relaxation of the severity or rigour of a law, penalty, or the like; alleviation of anything painful, oppressive, or calamitous; extenuation or palliation of an offence. in mitigation: by way of palliation (of an offence); in order to obtain a favourable modification (of judgement, a penalty, damages).
[1347–8Rolls of Parlt. II. 215/1 Si mitigation ne lui soit faite de sa dite ferme.] 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 252 Bote for þi muchel Merci mitigacion I be-seche; Dampne me not on domes day for I dude so ille. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 206 Sobre and appeese suche folk as falle in furye, To trist and hevy do mytigacioun. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 651 For the mytigacion of his peynfull sykenesse. 1533More Apol. xlviii. Wks. 924/1 Therfore nede we no such chaunge of the lawes for that purpose. But on y⊇ tother side, what harme would come of hys mytygacions,..the whole summe and sequele of hys deuises doe more than manifestly shew. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1539) 36 b, It somewhat profyteth in mitigation of excessiue heate. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, i. i. 70 How now for mittigation of this Bill, Vrg'd by the Commons? 1601― Twel. N. ii. iii. 98 Ye squeak out your Coziers Catches without any mitigation or remorce of voice. 1622Bacon Hen. VII 209 Their manner was..to suffer them to languish long in Prison, and..to extort from them great Fines and Ransomes, which they termed Compositions and Mitigations. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. xiii. 44 As for the mitigation of the fault of either side from any exteriour circumstances, I briefly adde, That [etc.]. 1749E. Moore Trial Selem 318 These crimes successive on your trial Have met with proofs beyond denial, To which yourself with shame conceded, And but in mitigation pleaded. 1766Blackstone Comm. II. 508 Though, as against the rightful executor or administrator, he cannot plead such payment, yet it shall be allowed him in mitigation of damages. 1801Med. Jrnl. V. 221 She perspired..very freely, but without affording any mitigation of her pain. 1817Cobbett Taking Leave Countrymen 13 The Wolves..flew upon the fleecy fools and devoured them and their lambs without mercy and without mitigation. 1832H. Martineau Homes Abroad i. 6 A mitigation of punishment. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 339 The shorter address in mitigation of the penalty. 1885J. Payn Talk of Town I. 45 William Henry murmured something in mitigation about its being an acrostic. 1885Manch. Exam. 24 July 5/1 All that could be done for him was to attempt some mitigation of his pain.
b. quasi-concr. A circumstance that mitigates.
1729Butler Serm. Wks. 1874 II. 70 Mitigations and reliefs are provided..for most of the afflictions in human life. 1742Young Nt. Th. vi. 4 This seeming mitigation but inflames; This fancy'd med'cine heightens the disease. 1864Pusey Lect. Daniel (1876) 240 Which God gave them as a mitigation of their ills.
†2. Softening (of words or statements); a qualification, limitation. Obs.
1588Fraunce Lawiers Log. Ded. ⁋⁋j b, The addition, detraction, or mitigation of woordes. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xlii. 306 Hee bringeth one Text,..Iohn 16. 13..where (saith he) by all truth, is meant, at least, all truth necessary to salvation. But with this mitigation, he attributeth no more Infallibility to the Pope, than to any man that professeth Christianity, and is not to be damned. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. xliv. 445 A third letter was written to the Chancellor, with more mitigation.
†3. Propitiation (of a person); taming (of an animal). Obs.
1382Wyclif Eccl. xvii. 28 How gret the merci of God, and the mytigacioun..of hym to men conuertende to hym [L. et propitiatio illius convertentibus ad se]. 1737Whiston Josephus, Antiq. xvii. v. §5 The most envenomed serpents..admit of some mitigation, and will not bite their benefactors.
†4. ? A soothing remedy. Obs.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 15 And ageyns hertis ffor mutigacions, Damysyns wiche withe her taste delyte, Fulle grete plente both of blak and white. |