| 释义 |
▪ I. infield, in-field, n. and adv.|ˈɪnfiːld|
[f. in adv. + field n.]
A. n.
1. a. The land of a farm which lies around or near the homestead, as opposed to the outlying parts, which are usually on higher ground and may consist of moorland; hence, arable land as opposed to pasture; land regularly manured and cropped. infield and outfield, a system of husbandry which confines manuring and tillage to the infield land.
1733P. Lindsay Interest Scot. 37 When we break up one Field for Tillage, if we left out another for Hay or Pasture in good Condition, the unfrugal Practice of Outfield and Infield would be at an End, every Part of a Farm would in its Turn produce equally plentiful Crops of Grain or Grass. 1765A. Dickson Treat. Agric. (ed. 2) 109 note, The arable land in Scotland is divided into infield and outfield. The infield is the land upon which, from time immemorial, the whole dung made in the farm has been laid. 1820Scott Monast. i, The part of the township properly arable, and kept as such continually under the plough, was called in-field. 1848Hepburn in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. No. 6. 272 The wretched system of agriculture, called infield and outfield, which prevailed throughout the greater part of last century. 1856Olmsted Slave States 270 The cultivated land was divided into ‘in-fields’ and ‘out-fields’; the former, being those nearest the central establishment, received all the manure that was made, and were planted with tobacco.
b. attrib., as infield corn, infield ground, infield land. (This was prob. the original use.)
1606Sc. Acts Jas. VI, c. 8 (Jam.) The croft infield corne [to be teynded] at ane tyme, the beere at ane vther tyme, and the outfield corne at the third tyme. 1765A. Dickson Treat. Agric. (ed. 2) 465 All land called infield land, has a mixture of this kind of soil in its composition. 1791Act 31 Geo. III, c. 92 title, An Act for..inclosing a certain large open Tract of Land within the Manor of Holy Island..and for extinguishing the Right of Common upon the ancient Infield Lands within the said Island. a1800in Edinb. Rev. CLXVIII. 196 The rich infield ground produced spontaneously rib-grass, white, yellow, and red clover. 1820Scott Monast. xiii, There was but a trifling quantity of arable or infield land attached to it.
2. A field adjacent to the farmhouse or grange; a home field.
1875G. W. Dasent Vikings II. 165 As they left the in-fields, near the grange [etc.].
3. Baseball.
a. That part of the field enclosed within the base-lines; the diamond.
b. The four fielders placed on the boundaries of the in-field, i.e. the three base-men and the short-stop.
1867H. Chadwick Base Ball Player's Bk. Reference 138 The In-Field.—That portion of the field within the base lines. 1897Encycl. Sport I. 76/1 Short Stop..is also called upon to back up all the positions of the in-field. 1906Spalding's Base Ball Guide 15 The ‘infield’ team comprising the three base players and short stop. 1912C. Mathewson Pitching in a Pinch ii. 23 Devoe beat out an infield hit. 1970New Yorker 3 Oct. 32/1 Soon there will be nobody around who remembers muddy infields.
4. Cricket.
a. The part of the playing area near the wicket; collect., the fieldsmen stationed there (as opposed to the outfield n.).
b. = infieldsman.
1898G. Giffen With Bat & Ball vii. 99 In the in-field the soil had been well watered and was fairly hard... But what of the out-field? Ibid. xi. 188 He is a brilliant in-field. 1954A. G. Moyes Austral. Batsmen iii. 46 Few bowlers..relish seeing the ball flying back over their heads, forcing them to weaken the in-field to stop the fours. 1960E. W. Swanton W. Indies Revisited vii. 167 May's in-field was spread so deep for Sobers as to invite him to take a single almost anywhere.
5. U.S. The area enclosed by a race-track. Also attrib.
1923E. Hemingway Three Stories & Ten Poems 36 You could see them [sc. horses] way off across the infield all in a bunch starting on the first swing like a lot of little toy horses. 1929― Farewell to Arms xx. 138 We..walked across the infield and then across the smooth thick turf of the course to the paddock. 1934in B. A. Botkin Treas. S. Folklore (1949) ii. iv. 404 His cry is echoed by a mighty ‘They're off’ from the packed stands and the infield crowd. Ibid. 407 They buried Black Gold there in the infield of the track. 1966Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. 1964 xlii. 6 Infield, area inside the racing course.
B. adv. In or towards the centre of a playing-field.
1959Times 18 Feb. 5/1 Evans..came infield and burst through the centre. 1960V. Jenkins Lions Down Under viii. 116 A brilliant try by Malcolm Thomas, who ran down the touch-line..before cutting in-field to touch down under the posts.
▪ II. inˈfield, v.
[f. in-2 + field n. Cf. impark.]
trans. ‘To inclose, as a field’ (Webster, 1856). |