| 释义 |
▪ I. indole, n. Chem.|ˈɪndəʊl|
Also (improp.) indol.
[f. indo-2 + -ole, from L. oleum oil. (Not -ol, as indole has not the structure of an alcohol.)]
a. A crystallizable substance (C8H7N), called also ketole, formed in large shining colourless laminæ, having a peculiar but not very powerful odour; it is obtained artificially by reduction of indigo-blue, and occurs in small quantities in human excrement. The pl. indoles is applied to alkylated derivatives of indole.
indole group, a name for the group including indole, isatin, indigo, and related compounds and derivatives.
1869Roscoe Chem. 390 Indol is a crystalline substance which forms the starting-point of the indigo series. 1872Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 733 Indol, C8H7N..may be regarded as the nucleus of the indigo-group. 1881Ibid. 3rd Suppl. ii. 1089 The clear ethereal solution leaves on distillation a reddish oil with the characteristic smell of indole. 1886Syd. Soc. Lex. s.v., Indol..when fused with potash forms aniline, and when in solution forms with ozone indigo-blue. 1892Morley & Muir Dict. Chem., Indole.
b. Comb.: indoleacetic acid, any of the seven isomeric acetic acid derivatives, C8H6N·CH2COOH, of indole; esp. the one having the acetic acid side-chain substituted in the 3- (or β-) position, which is an important natural growth hormone in plants.
1886Jrnl. Chem. Soc. L. 806 Methylindoleacetic acid, NH{btr1}C6H4{bbr1}{bbr1}CMe{btr2}C.CH2.COOH, is prepared by heating phenylhydrazinelevulinic acid..with zinc chloride. 1957New Biol. XXIII. 17 Among the naturally occurring auxins, β-indoleacetic acid is widely, if not perhaps universally, distributed in the higher plants. 1958Plant Physiol. XXXIII. 317 (table) Relative activity of indole-4-acetic acid (I-4-AA) on Avena coleoptile sections, and test for interaction with indole-3-acetic acid.
▪ II. † indole, a. Obs. rare—1.
[ad. med.L. indol-us, f. in- (in-3) + dolus guile.]
Guileless.
1549Compl. Scot. xv. 126 His ȝongest sone beniemyn vas indole and innocent. |