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▪ I. Vicˈtorian, a.1
[f. the name of Victorius, an ecclesiastic of the 5th century.]
Victorian cycle, Victorian period (see quot. 1728 and Dionysian a. 3).
1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Period, Victorian Period, an Interval of 532 Julian Years, which elaps'd, the new and full Moons return on the same Day of the Julian Year. 1905J. B. Bury St. Patrick App. 372 The Celtic Church in Britain and Ireland never adopted the Victorian cycle.
▪ II. Victorian, a.2 and n.1|vɪkˈtɔərɪən|
[f. Victoria2.]
A. adj.
1. Of or belonging to, designating, or typical of the reign of Queen Victoria (1837–1901).
1839Athenæum 2 Nov. 825/1 Perhaps the Annean authors, though inferior to the Elizabethans, are, on a general summation of merits, no less superior to the latter-Georgian and Victorian. 1850E. P. Hood Age & its Architects ii. 71 The Victorian Commonwealth is the most wonderful picture on the face of the earth. 1875Stedman Vict. Poets i. 6 The significant likeness between the Alexandrian and Victorian eras. 1880C. H. Pearson in Victorian Rev. I. 544 The changes..were more radical than any programme of Victorian Liberalism suggests. 1897M. Kingsley W. Africa 591 An old-fashioned petticoat such as an early Victorian-age lady would have worn. 1907Miss F. F. Montrésor Burning Torch 426 The furniture..was adorned in a heavy Early Victorian style.
2. fig. Resembling or typified by the attitudes supposedly characteristic of the Victorian era; prudish, strict; old-fashioned, out-dated.
1934in Webster. 1950G. B. Shaw Farfetched Fables 72 He was helping the movement against Victorian prudery in a very practical way as a nudist. 1965M. Spark Mandelbaum Gate vi. 157 In an emergency, one can't be Victorian about things, you know. 1977P. G. Winslow Witch Hill Murder ii. xvi. 217 He was becoming rather heavily paternal to Linda. A Victorian parent. 1977Time Out 17–23 June 5/2 Elsewhere in the files is an even worse example of what workers described as ‘Victorian industrial relations’.
3. Special collocations: Victorian Gothic adj., designating the style of architecture typical of the Gothic Revival (see Gothic a. 1 d); freq. absol. as n.; Victorian-Italianate adj., designating a style of architecture revived in the nineteenth century in imitation of that of the Italian Renaissance.
1910H. G. Wells New Machiavelli (1911) i. iii. 59 A new church in the Victorian Gothic. 1934T. E. Tallmadge Story Eng. Archit. (1935) viii. 256 This structure [sc. the Albert Memorial] typifies to the last degree the Victorian Gothic style. 1961Times 18 May 16/6 This small jewel of Victorian-Gothic architecture. 1980‘L. Black’ Eve of Wedding ii. 14 A huge red-brick mansion on three floors, heavy Victorian Gothic, a massive door in the centre of the front façade, leaded windows.
1963A. Lubbock Austral. Roundabout 97 The public buildings are mostly in Victorian-Italianate style, pillared and porticoed; painted white, or in Edinburgh-rock colours. 1982S. Radley Talent for Destruction vi. 40 The Victorian Italianate tower of the town hall.
B. n.
1. A person, esp. an author, who lived in the reign of Queen Victoria.
1876N. Amer. Rev. CXXIII. 219 We can scarcely avoid calling him [Browning] the strongest, truest poet of the Victorians. 1886F. Harrison Choice Bks. iii. 61 He [Tennyson], alone of the Victorians, has definitely entered the immortal group of our English poets.
2. a. An article of furniture from the time of Queen Victoria.
1905E. Glyn Viciss. Evangeline 189, I shall have the suite..done up with pale green, and burn all the Early Victorians.
b. U.S. A house built during the reign of Queen Victoria.
1959House Beautiful June 100 (heading) The virtues of a Victorian. 1978J. Gores Gone, no Forwarding (1979) ix. 56 The house was an old Victorian, a Queen Anne which had been converted into rental units.
Hence Vicˈtorianist; Vicˈtorianize v.; Vicˈtorianized ppl. a.
1905Speaker 8 April 32/2 They Victorianise his [Bunyan's] spelling and parade his Calvinism on shiny paper. 1940Burlington Mag. Apr. 127/2 The church had been so thoroughly ‘Victorianised’ that the discovery was all the more unexpected. 1946J. W. Day Harvest Adventure ii. 27 The gatehouse of Butley..owes its renaissance from a Victorianized ruin to a lovely house, full of medieval grace, to Dr Montague Rendall. 1970Guardian 1 Oct. 11/8 Gillian Avery is an eminent Victorianist. She has written..neo-Victorian children's books.., she has edited a series of Victorian revivals. 1974Times 22 Apr. 14/3, I amused myself by guessing which fellow-passengers were members of the Victorian Society. The man opposite..did not quite fit my vision of a Victorianist. 1976I. Murdoch Henry & Cato i. 47 The tall Victorianized sash windows, which also served as doors, reached down to the ground. 1979Guardian 3 Sept. 2/5 The building is unusually well preserved because it was never Victorianised or modernised. 1982UCT Studies in English (Univ. Cape Town) Oct. 68 Writing as a Classicist and Victorianist, Jenkyns shows the enormous extent to which Hellenism influenced the generations of Victorians between about 1832 and the First World War.
▪ III. Vicˈtorian, a.3 and n.2
[See def.]
A. adj. Of or belonging to, native to, the state (formerly colony) of Victoria in Australia (named in 1851 after Queen Victoria).
In recent use occurring in a number of plant-names, as Victorian dogwood, Victorian laurel, Victorian lilac, Victorian parsnip.
1857–65(title), The Victorian Hansard; containing the debates..of the Legislative Council and Assembly of the Colony of Victoria. 1867Chambers's Encycl. IX. 787/1 The Victorian samples [of wheat] at the last Great Exhibition ranked amongst the very best. 1889J. H. Maiden Useful Pl. 449 Eucalyptus globulus... [Called] ‘Tasmanian’ or ‘Victorian Blue Gum’ from the colour of its foliage.
B. n. A native or inhabitant of Victoria.
1862Temple Bar Sept. 286 The Victorians went pluckily in for their second innings. 1901A. W. Jose Australasia x. 152 They are men of Melbourne, Brisbane, or Adelaide rather than Victorians or Queenslanders. 1943K. Tennant Ride on Stranger v. 47 All in the carriage were staunch Victorians, and his scathing references to the climate of Sydney were greeted with approval. 1973Sun-Herald (Sydney) 26 Aug. 28/2 It's 41 years since Phar Lap died, but he lives on with a new generation of Victorians. |