| 释义 |
▪ I. † vacate, pa. pple. Obs.—1
[ad. L. vacātus, pa. pple. of vacāre: see next.]
Annulled, made legally void.
c1688Vind. Proc. H.M. Eccl. Comm. 54 The statute is Obsolete,..and must be esteemed as if it had been vacate and null.
▪ II. vacate, v.|ˈveɪkeɪt, vəˈkeɪt|
[ad. L. vacāt-, ppl. stem of vacāre to be empty, free, etc.]
1. a. trans. To make void in law; to deprive of legal authority or validity; to annul or cancel.
Very common in the 17–18th c. Now only in legal use.
1643Prynne Sov. Power Parl. ii. (ed. 2) 53 The King calling a Parliament at Winchester, utterly repealed and vacated those former Ordinances. 1677Marvell Corr. Wks. (Grosart) II. 538 If any one should spend before the day of election above ten pound,..it shall be accounted bribery, and vacate his choice. 1709Lond. Gaz. No. 4538/1 All Entries..shall be vacated and cancelled. 1750Carte Hist. Eng. II. 158 Her relations..incited him [Hen. VIII] to remove the obstacles to his happiness, by vacating his marriage with Anne of Cleves. 1790in Dallas Amer. Law Rep. I. 120 The court will confirm the Judgment as to one, and vacate it as to the other. 1817W. Selwyn Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1141 Such omission on the part of the officer will not vacate the contract. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxiii. V. 35 The opposition asked leave to bring in a bill vacating all grants of Crown property which had been made since the Revolution. 1883Law Times Rep. XLIX. 133/1, I..declare the deed to be void, and that it ought to be cancelled and the registration vacated.
b. transf. To deprive of force, efficacy, or value; to render inoperative, meaningless, or useless. Now Obs. or rare.
1655W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. (1669) 584/1 The Christians Creed doth not vacate the Ten Commandments. 1698W. Chilcot Evil Thoughts i. (1851) 4 Endeavouring to vacate the obligation of the fifth commandment. 1711in G. Hickes Two Treat. Chr. Priesth. (1847) I. 323 A punctilio;..as such it is vacated by the universal practice of the Church. a1791Wesley To Servants Wks. 1811 IX. 103 The character of the master..does not vacate the duty of the servant. 1802Paley Nat. Theol. i. i. §3. 6 These superfluous parts..would not vacate the reasoning which we had instituted concerning other parts. 1827R. Hall Wks. (1832) VI. 414 They..inculcated the obligation of circumcision,..thereby vacating and superseding the sacrifice of Christ. 1895‘Mark Twain’ in N. Amer. Rev. July 3 In the ‘Deerslayer’ tale this rule is vacated.
c. To remove or withdraw (a record).
1769Blackstone Comm. IV. 128 Imbezzling or vacating records..is a felonious offence against public justice.
2. a. To make or render (a post or position) vacant; to deprive of an occupant or holder.
1697J. Lewis Mem. Dk. Glocester (1789) 80 As a Garter was vacated by the death of Lord Strafford. 1751T. Sharp in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 375 Some of the Bishopricks vacated by the deprivation of the Nonjur. Bishops. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. 152 Suppose..that the whole royal line should at any time fail, and become extinct, which would indisputably vacate the throne. 1828Lytton Pelham I. xxv, One of the seats in your uncle's borough..is every day expected to be vacated. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) IV. xxi. 678 Hadrian de Castello sought the death of Pope Leo in order to vacate the throne which, when it was vacated, was filled by Hadrian of Utrecht.
b. To leave (an office, position, etc.) vacant by death, resignation, or retirement; to give up, relinquish, or resign the holding or possession of.
1850Thackeray Pendennis lxv, Pen..promised that he would give his election dinner there, when the Baronet should vacate his seat in the young man's favour. 1875M. Arnold Ess. Crit. (ed. 3) Pref. p. x note, When the above was written the author had still the Chair of Poetry at Oxford, which he has since vacated.
c. absol. To give up an office or position.
1812in Examiner 30 Nov. 763/1 As soon as the forms of the House will admit of a Member vacating, in consequence of a double return. 1894Boase Exeter Coll. (O.H.S.) p. lxxix, A Devonshire fellowship was given to Maurice Ley,..but Ley soon vacated.
3. a. To leave or withdraw from (a place, seat, etc.); to quit or give up.
1791Mrs. Radcliffe Rom. Forest iv, It was most probable that if the officers..found the abbey vacated, they would quit before morning. 1832G. Downes Lett. Cont. Countries I. 172 The English ladies..had caused their servant to insult one of the collegians..in the hope that they would vacate the premises. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. v. 61, I have determined..to remove him to the berth Riley has vacated.
b. absol. To give up possession or occupancy of a house, etc.
1854Thoreau Walden 48, I to pay four dollars and twenty-five cents to-night, he to vacate at five to-morrow morning. 1856Miss Mulock J. Halifax xiv, So we vacated; and all that long Sunday we sat in the parlour lately our neighbour's.
4. intr.
†a. To devote one's time, to give oneself up, to something. Obs. rare.
1685Evelyn Mrs. Godolphin (1888) 7 Prescribeing to herselfe a constant method of devotion,..that she might the better vacate to holy dutyes. a1706― Hist. Relig. (1850) II. 260 There must be deacons and deaconesses,..so that the preachers may wholly vacate to the Word.
†b. To withdraw oneself from (a task). Obs.—1
1665G. Harvey Adv. agst. Plague 1, I might justly vacate from this task, having so lately amused my self about a Tract of the French Contagion.
c. U.S. To give up work for a time; to take a holiday or vacation.
1836Knickerbocker VII. 15 Ned and I were vacating..at his father's charming residence. 1885Advance (Chicago) 23 July 476 One thing he [a Chinaman] can never learn, and that is how to vacate.
Hence vaˈcated ppl. a.
1791On Relig. Fashionable World 114 It is the very genius of christianity to extirpate all selfishness, on whose vacated ground benevolence..plants itself. 1831I. Taylor Edwards' Freed. Will Prefat. Essay p. xxxix, They find a deserted city and vacated palaces. 1863Dana Man. Geol. 727 Leaving the rock either side of the vacated space to be pressed together. 1903W. Bright Age of Fathers II. xxx. 94 The priest Eugenius..was rewarded by promotion to the vacated see. |