| 释义 |
▪ I. usufruct, n.|ˈjuːzjuːfrʌkt|
[a. late L. ūsūfruct-us (whence Sp. and Pg. usufructo, It. usu-, usofrutto, Pr. usufrug), ad. L. ūsus-fructus (abl. ūsū-fructū). Cf. usufruit.]
1. Law. The right of temporary possession, use, or enjoyment of the advantages of property belonging to another, so far as may be had without causing damage or prejudice to this. Also transf.
c1630Sir T. Hope Minor Practicks (1734) 252 After the Usu-fruct is once lawfully constitute by a Seasin. 1681Stair Instit. xvi. 327 Usufruct is the power of disposal of the use and fruits, saving the Substance of the thing. 1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II. s.v. Services, Services Personal, are those due from a Thing to a Person, and of these they account..Usufruct, Use and Habitation. 1766Blackstone Comm. II. 105 A subject therefore hath only the usufruct, and not the absolute property of the soil. 1839Carlyle Chartism x. 176 Lawsuits in chancery for some short usufruct of a bit of land. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) I. i. ii. 74 They held it [sc. Sogdiana] in possession..for 90 or 100 years; they came into the usufruct and enjoyment of it. 1868Browning Ring & Bk. ii. 211 He owned some usufruct, had moneys' use Lifelong.
fig.1863Patmore Angel in Ho. i. ii. ii, Could eternal life afford That tyranny should thus deduct From this fair land..A year of the sweet usufruct.
b. An office of which one is usufructuary. rare.
1848Hallam Suppl. Notes Hist. Mid. Ages 116 M. Guérard..is of opinion that, though benefices were ultimately fiefs, in the first stage of the monarchy they were only usufructs.
2. gen. Use, enjoyment, or profitable possession (of something).
1811Lamb Elia i. Bachelor's Compl., In the rich man's houses and pictures..I have a temporary usufruct at least. 1835Greswell Parables IV. 490 No more than preliminary to the usufruct of the Kingdom itself. 1863Kinglake Crimea I. 41 Which of the rival Churches should have the control and usufruct of every holy shrine.
b. esp. Beneficial use or enjoyment of land. Also fig. and transf.
1864Marsh Man & Nat. 35 Man has too long forgotten that the earth was given to him for usufruct alone, not for consumption. 1870Huxley Lay Serm. xii. 313 Depriving man of the usufruct of one of the most fertile fields of his great patrimony, Nature. 1898Harcourt in Times 30 March 8/2 The ‘usufruct’ of Port Arthur and Ta-lien-wan had been granted to Russia. ‘Usufruct’ appears to be a new word [in this connection].
3. attrib., as usufruct discipline, usufruct right.
1845R. W. Hamilton Pop. Educ. iv. 69 A sordid, utilitarian, usufruct, discipline of the youthful mind. 1881‘H. H.’ Century of Dishonor 115 The usufruct right of the Indians to the lands occupied by them.
Hence usuˈfruction = sense 2 b.
1846Congressional Globe 27 May 862/3 They saw..that they could..get the whole [boundary-line], at least for a long time, under our own delusive project of joint usufruction.
▪ II. ˈusufruct, v.
[f. prec. Cf. med.L. ūsūfructāre, -uāre, It. usufruttare, -uare, Sp. usufructuar.]
trans. To hold (property) as a usufructuary; to possess in or subject to usufruct. Also absol.
1880Muirhead Gaius ii. §14 It is.. the right of usufructing, and the right under the obligation that is incorporeal. 1886― in Encycl. Brit. XX. 709/2 Property usufructed should revert unimpaired to the owner.
Hence ˈusufructed ppl. a.
1880Muirhead Gaius ii. §94 Whether we can possess and usucapt through a usufructed slave. |